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Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy are currently the most popular bariatric procedures worldwide; however, there is ongoing debate regarding which is more effective. A new study involving a large multicentre cohort demonstrates significantly more weight loss with RYGB than with sleeve gastrectomy, but with almost double the rate of complications.
In 2018, more than 4,000 publications were dedicated to the study of the gut microbiota, and an important proportion investigated cardiometabolic disorders associated with overweight and obesity. Novel mechanisms and strategies have emerged, some of which were focused not only on specific bacteria or nutrients, but also on new metabolites.
Circadian rhythm research is beginning to show how rhythms sustain health. Genome-wide transcriptome, metabolome and proteome studies have improved our understanding of circadian regulation. This knowledge is leveraged for behavioural interventions that optimize daily rhythms, the timing of drug delivery and the targeting of clock components to prevent or treat chronic diseases.
