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The achievement of plasmonic-enhanced silicon-based terahertz emitters and detectors brings hope for the realization of integrated circuits that bring together electronics, photonics and terahertz functions on a single chip.
Coherent extreme-ultraviolet emission through frustrated tunnelling ionization is observed from He atoms excited by intense few-cycle infrared laser pulses. Its intensity depends on the ellipticity and the carrier-envelope phase of the infrared laser.
Transmitters and receivers based on plasmonic internal-photoemission detectors are developed for optoelectronic terahertz signal processing and monolithically integrated on a silicon chip. Proof-of-concept experiments are demonstrated.
Non-reciprocal single-sideband modulation and mode conversion are realized in a low-loss integrated silicon waveguide, enabling >125 GHz operation bandwidths and up to 38 dB of non-reciprocal contrast between forward- and backward-propagating waves.
Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy based on a single-molecule transistor detects a THz-induced centre-of-mass oscillation of a fullerene molecule. Its sensitivity is so high that the spectrum changes on adding (removing) an electron to (from) the molecule.
Exploiting an optical cavity that folds space in time in a conventional lens design provides a novel route for time-resolved imaging and depth sensing.
Individual, light-emitting nanoparticles offer many opportunities for early disease detection. Now, advances towards greatly enhanced brightness are being made using core–multi-shell architectures.
This Review covers recent progress in quantum technologies with optically addressable solid-state spins. A possible path to chip-scale quantum technologies through advances in nanofabrication, quantum control and materials engineering is described.
Black phosphorus/molybdenum disulfide mid-wave infrared photodiodes with external quantum efficiencies of 35% across 2.5–3.5 μm at room temperature and a peak detectivity of 1.1 × 1010 cm Hz1/2 W–1 at 3.8 μm are demonstrated.
Broadband terahertz (THz) pulses are generated from a laser filament with a near-infrared laser at the fundamental frequency and its second harmonic. The azimuthal angle and ellipticity of the THz pulses are arbitrarily controlled by the two lasers.
By selectively erasing the nonlinear coefficients in a lithium niobate crystal using a femtosecond laser, a 3D nonlinear photonic crystal, with an effective conversion efficiency comparable to that of the typical quasi-phase-matching processes, is demonstrated.
The parameters and issues that affect the accuracy of fluorescence molecular imaging are discussed and a means for ensuring reliable reproduction of the fluorescence signals in biological tissue is proposed.