Volume 16 Issue 1, January 2021

Ultrafast spectroscopy measurements present a new direct non-equilibrium energy transfer mechanism across a metal–semiconductor interface, without charge transfer, opening up a new avenue for plasmonic energy conversion.

Compared to cancer nanomedicine, cancer immune nanomedicine presents unique challenges stemming from the complexity of the tumour responses to immunotherapy. This Perspective describes some of the factors contributing to this complexity and offers thoughts on how nanomedicine researchers can include them in their experimental design.

This Review provides an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of nanoscale vaccines against infectious diseases, focusing in particular on the immunological responses they can elicit, depending on their physicochemical properties and functionalization, and on the challenges their production face.

This Review discusses the progress and the remaining challenges for the clinical application of nanomaterial-based T-cell immunotherapies.

Tolerogenic dendritic cells inhibit inflammatory responses against self-antigens, offering a therapeutic strategy for autoimmune diseases. This Review describes the nanotechnology-based approaches available to target dendritic cells and induce tolerogenic properties, highlighting applications in organ transplantation, multiple sclerosis and diabetes mellitus.

An energy transduction mechanism across metal/semiconductor interfaces, which relies on electron–electron energy transfer rather than the transport of charge, is demonstrated through ultrafast infrared spectroscopy. This ballistic thermal injection process allows for extended modulation of plasmonic absorption in epsilon-near-zero media.

Optical reflectance spectroscopy provides a direct observation of layer-hybridized moiré excitons in angle-aligned transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures.

A combination of atomistic imaging and spectroscopy reveals that metal substitution into a sulfur vacancy is the underlying mechanism for resistive switching in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers.

Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy reveals the existence of intermolecular conical intersections in molecular aggregates relevant for photovoltaics.

By controlling two voltage gates separately from one another, a spatial light modulator has been made that can continuously vary the phase of 360 degrees while independently adjusting the amplitude.

Metal–organic frameworks form a permselective membrane that prevents the migration of redox species in organic batteries, resulting in enhanced cyclability.

A DNA-nanoassembly-based non-microscopy method is developed for ensemble analysis of membrane protein nanodomains.

A DNA-based voltmeter non-invasively measures the membrane potential of organelles.

Chemoresistant cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) can be selectively killed by a nanoparticle, which releases an agent under hypoxic conditions that induces CSC differentiation, and a chemotherapeutic drug in response to reactive oxygen species in differentiating CSCs.