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A statistical framework that integrates data from a fine-scale targeted testing scheme and regular randomized surveillance surveys provides unbiased and fine-grained estimates of key SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological parameters that are critical for real-time policy decision-making.
The development of the infant gut microbiota into an adult configuration is heavily influenced by lifestyle. A large study of children from The Gambia reveals how the microbiota assembles in children with a non-industrial lifestyle.
Analysis of gut microbiomes from Gambian infants reveals bacterial trophic networks based around Prevotella species, which are typically enriched in non-industrialized populations.
A systematic screen across hundreds of eukaryotes and thousands of viral taxa provides insights into the directionality and functionality of horizontal gene transfer in these organisms.
A causal debiasing framework provides accurate estimates of local prevalence and effective reproduction number for surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 cases using data from randomized testing schemes to model ascertainment bias in targeted subpopulation data.
Construction of a global catalogue of human gut archaeal genomes and their viruses provides insights into the structure, composition and function of the human gut archaeome.
Recovery of 1,167 nonredundant archaeal genomes from the human gut microbiomes reveals previously undescribed genera, associations with sociodemographic factors and the presence of an archaeal virome.
Quantitative metagenomic analyses of gut microbiomes reveals kinship, together with current cohabitation, as drivers of microbial community transmission and persistence between family members over three to five generations.
Immunologic recognition of bacterial products during skin infection triggers a cytokine and chemokine response that facilitates neutrophil recruitment to the site of infection. Staphylococcus aureus phenol-soluble modulins can function as early chemoattractants to directly recruit neutrophils and alert the host to infection.
Cultivation and metagenomic assembly of the skin microbiome genome catalogue paves the way to establishing a multi-kingdom map of microorganisms that pattern human skin.
Cooperative interaction between low-abundance gut bacteria is required to convert l-carnitine to TMAO via a multi-step pathway, which leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Many bacteria and archaea are polyploid. Here, the means by which some of these prokaryotes carry genomes that are not always equivalent in sequence and/or function are described, and the importance of such non-equivalent genomes is discussed.
Gut microbiome development in full-term infants has important implications for health and disease, but less is known for preterm infants. Here the authors summarize current knowledge in preterm infants, compare this to what is known for full-term babies, and discuss potential diagnostics and interventions to improve outcomes for preterm infants.
(Meta)genomic mining, bioinformatic prediction and chemical synthesis reveal biosynthetic gene clusters encoding structurally new menaquinone-binding antibiotics that are active against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vivo and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro.
The gbu gene cluster, present in the human gut microbiota member Emergencia timonensis, converts γ-butyrobetaine (γBB) to trimethylamine in the conversion of dietary l-carnitine, which is found in red meat, to the proatherosclerotic metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide. Individuals with high plasma γBB levels had increased risk of cardiovascular events.
Shigella uses the OspC3 type III secretion system effector to catalyze ADP riboxanation of caspases-4 and 11, preventing lipopolysaccharide recognition and pyroptotic death of the infected cell.
Interactive annotation and commenting tools provide a means to ground animations in experimental evidence and to support scientific discourse and progress.
Crystallizing biological complexity into animation has been Arkitek Scientific’s mission for the past 25 years. Co-founder Beth Anderson explains how she got started in science animation and why it remains her passion.
