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Sulaman et al. detail the neuronal underpinnings of sleep–wake states and discuss their intersection with hunger, fear and thermoregulatory circuits. They propose a de-arousal model for sleep initiation and highlight lingering questions in the field.
The authors summarize changes in circuits after spinal cord injury and current strategies to target these circuits in order to improve recovery, but also advocate for new concepts of reorganizing circuits informed by multi-omic single-cell atlases.
Psychedelics are serotonergic drugs that have therapeutic potential. This Review article provides an integrative perspective on the basic neurobiology underlying the actions of psychedelics and highlights open questions in the field.
This Review organizes models of cognitive maps into a clear ontology. This ontology reveals parallels between existing empirical results and implies new approaches to understand hippocampal–cortical interactions and beyond.
Moscarello and Penzo propose that mutually inhibitory circuits within the central nucleus of the amygdala implement a ‘winner-takes-all’ mechanism that guides transitions across defensive modes defined by threat-imminence theory.
This Review provides a comprehensive overview of presynaptic applications of optogenetic tools, including the associated challenges, current limitations and future directions for this approach.
Eating disorders are prevalent and, in far too many cases, fatal. This review covers advances in genetics, neuroimaging, and animal models, and encourages a more unified science of eating disorders.
Roy, Zhang et al. discuss how modern neuroscience is revealing underappreciated heterogeneity in thalamic cell types, which leads to the idea that ‘thalamic subnetworks’ provide a more appropriate level of functional description than thalamic nuclei.
Neuroscientists can measure activity from more neurons than ever before, garnering new insights and posing challenges to traditional theoretical frameworks. New frameworks may help researchers use these observations to shed light on brain function.
