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Polypeptide GalNAc-transferase T3 catalyzes the specific glycosylation of threonine-178 of fibroblast growth factor 23, and structural insights reveal a unique lectin-based mechanism of substrate recognition.
In cotton, a specialized glyoxalase I variant, SPG, has lost its glutathione-binding sites and organelle-targeting signal during its evolution to catalyze the aromatization of cyclic sesquiterpenes as part of the gossypol biosynthetic pathway.
In the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, Bim1 is a copper-binding lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase-like protein that participates in copper uptake in concert with the Ctr1 importer to drive virulence mechanisms during fungal meningitis.
Designed heterotrimers of collagen I, locked in three possible chain registers, enable structural and functional characterization of each permutation, leading to identification of the AAB heterotrimer as the most active and therefore likely to occur biologically.
A set of orthogonal coiled-coil peptide heterodimers were developed to enable control of protein localization as well as transcriptional regulation by enhancing effector recruitment to TALE and CRISPR–dCas9 systems in mammalian cells and in vivo.
The authors utilize fluorescence-activated cell sorting coupled with next-generation sequencing, as well as dynamic modeling, to study the molecular mechanism underlying indole signaling and reveal different roles of the two ends of tnaC in coordinating transcription and translation.
UBE2T adopts an allosteric activation mechanism to mediate site-specific ubiquitination of Fanconi anemia complex. Interaction with FANCL induces a cascade of conformational changes of UBE2T and leads to exposure of substrate-binding sites.
Single-molecule FRET technologies reveal the mechanism of sequence-specific translational inhibition induced by two antibiotics, chloramphenicol and linezolid, where aminoacyl-tRNA was repeatedly rejected from the A-site and failed to form a peptide bond.
Bacterial two-component signaling machinery has been reprogrammed for orthogonal signaling in mammalian cells that is triggered by small-molecule-mediated dimerization or ligand-induced GPCR/β-arrestin signaling.
A combinatorial engineering strategy encompassing pathway regulation, heterologous enzymes and subcellular trafficking enables repurposing of the phospholipid biosynthetic pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of oleoylethanolamide.
The crystal and cryo-electron microscopy structure analysis of the DCAF15–DDB1–DDA1–indisulam–RBM39 complex revealed the detailed mechanism of action of indisulam-induced RBM39 degradation and defined an α-helical degron motif in RBM39.
The RNA endonuclease CPSF3 was identified as the cellular efficacy target of the small molecule JTE-607, revealing pre-mRNA processing as a vulnerability in cancers such as Ewing’s sarcoma that are characterized by aberrant transcription.
An improved workflow combining de novo transcriptome assembly and Ribo-seq validated by cellular antigen display is developed to maximize small peptide discovery, leading to identification of thousands of unannotated protein-coding smORFs.
A photocrosslinking-based nucleosome profiling approach is used to identify a conserved basic motif in the ISWI remodeler SNF2h that anchors it to the acidic patch of nucleosome and enables nucleosome sliding activity.
PUS10 exhibits two different functions: one is to promote miRNA biogenesis in a catalytically independent manner; the other is to install pseudouridine modification in tRNAs in a catalytically dependent manner.
A hydrophobic tagging method is used to develop a selective degrader for the chromatin regulator EZH2, which inhibits proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo.
Single-particle tracking and mathematical modeling methods reveal the searching mechanism of CTCF for its cognate sites on DNA. An RNA-binding region in CTCF mediates its trapping in small zones and increases its target search efficiency.
A computational approach for designing GPCRs with new signaling functions including allosteric signaling properties yielded D2 receptor variants with predictable G-protein signaling responses, some with enhanced potency and responses to dopamine.
3D printing agarose hydrogels embedded with Bacillus subtilis spores produce custom-shaped materials that are resistant to environmental stresses, while the bacteria maintain the ability to germinate on the surface and respond to stimuli.
The cellular stability of an oncogenic factor, AIMP2-DX2, is increased via association with HSP70. Interference with this interaction by a small-molecule compound promotes ubiquitin-mediated degradation of AIMP2-DX2 and reduces cancer cell growth.