Articles in 2022

Within-host evolution is a critical regulator of commensal pathogenicity that provides a unique source of stochasticity in the development and progression of microbiota-driven disease.

The diversity hotspots hypothesis attributes the overall increase in global diversity during the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras to the development of diversity hotspots under prolonged conditions of Earth system stability and maximum continental fragmentation.

Using integrated differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy, the atomic imaging of single pyridine and thiophene molecules identifies host–guest interactions in zeolite ZSM-5 and their adsorption and desorption behaviours can be studied.

Control loops generically produce braids of eigenfrequencies, and these braids form a non-Abelian group that reflects the non-trivial geometry of the space of degeneracies; these features are demonstrated experimentally using a cavity optomechanical system.

Distinct dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area respond to physiological fluid balance and nutrient cues at specific stages of ingestion, driving learning about the physiological effects of ingestion.

An anti-reflection structure is used to eliminate all back scattering of light passing through a diffusive medium.

A Review on inflammatory memory in non-immune cells of different epithelia and neurons, and the potential mechanisms controlling these epigenetic memories and their implications in human health and disease.

The Polα–primase-associated CST complex organizes telomeric C-strand DNA synthesis, and, in combination with telomerase, it carries out complete replication of the single-stranded DNA overhang found at human telomeres.

Using single-cell DNA sequencing after an error-prone mitosis in untransformed, diploid cell lines and organoids, chromosomes are shown to have different segregation error frequencies that result in non-random aneuploidy landscapes.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of human Porcupine in complex with palmitoleoyl-coenzyme A, the inhibitor LGK974 and its peptide substrate suggest a mechanism for Wnt acylation.

Analysis of the pulse profile of a fast radio burst showed sub-second periodicity, providing evidence for a neutron-star origin of the event and favouring emission arising from the magnetosphere.

Precision laser spectroscopy measurements of neutron-rich indium isotopes were performed to investigate the validity and identify limitations of theoretical descriptions of nuclei based on simple single-particle approaches.

Longitudinal imaging and functional perturbations during behaviour identified a brain region that represents constituent features of a contextual memory and enables feature-mediated memory recall.

A structural analysis demonstrates how the single-stranded DNA-binding accessory protein complex CST physically organizes the human DNA polymerase-α–primase complex for efficient primer synthesis during telomere replication.

Experiments show that swimming starfish embryos spontaneously assemble into large chiral crystals that exhibit self-sustained chiral oscillations and unconventional deformation responses characteristic of odd elastic materials.

The phase diagram of the unconventional superconductor Sr₂RuO₄ in both normal and superconducting states is mapped out using high-precision measurements of the elastocaloric effect, showing similarities to other unconventional superconductors as well as unique features.

Small intestinal crypts contain twice as many effective stem cells as large intestinal crypts, and this difference is determined by the degree of Wnt-driven retrograde cell movement—which is largely absent in the large intestine—counteracting conveyor-belt-like upward movement.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of Tetrahymena thermophila telomerase-bound Ctc1–Stn1–Ten1 and DNA polymerase α–primase provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying telomere replication and maintenance.