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Spens and Burgess develop a computational model that shows how the hippocampus encodes episodic memories and replays them to train generative models of the world. Conceptual and sensory representations of experience can then be recombined for imagination and memory.
Aguinis et al. review the literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) at the individual level of analysis and propose a framework for organizing research around three categories: CSR perceptions, CSR attitudes and CSR actions.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the evidence for transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural psychotherapy for the treatment of emotional disorders.
Rising diagnoses of depression in young people is an important concern. Remote measurement technologies are one way that practitioners can screen, monitor or support young people who are diagnosed with depression. In a realist review, Walsh and colleagues show that there is some benefit to using remote measurement technologies, but that young people express concerns about data safety and privacy.
This collaborative realist review examines evidence for the use of remote measurement technologies for depression in young people, to inform future research and practice.
The authors address the central criticism of latent variable models in behavioural science, which is that a wide range of causal models may account for the observed data (the factor indeterminacy problem). They review how researchers have recently started using genome-wide data to provide a source of additional information to help to overcome the factor indeterminacy problem by decomposing the genome into a set of uncorrelated units.
Using a unique high-quality dataset of 37,000 parent–offspring trios, the authors probe the mechanisms of the so-called indirect genetic effects on educational attainment. Surprisingly, they find that these effects cannot be explained by processes that operate exclusively within the nuclear family and instead are consistent with dynastic social effects.
Using experimental and archival data, Johnson and Proudfoot show that when an idea is novel, disagreement on how valuable it is grows. People may see the higher variability in value evaluation as a sign of risk and be less willing to invest in such an idea.
Aggregate demand for interpersonal skills in the Australian labour market has accelerated since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, there has been a high degree of complementarity between remote work and demand for interpersonal skills during this period.
Monetary incentives were found to be more motivating than psychological interventions for individuals in the United States and the United Kingdom, compared with individuals in China, India, Mexico and South Africa. Among bilinguals on Facebook, money was more motivating in English compared with in Hindi.
The authors analyse over 12 million Australian job postings and find that since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an acceleration in the aggregate demand for interpersonal skills.
The authors conducted a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in an East Asian ancestry cohort, and a cross-ancestry meta-analysis with earlier genome-wide association studies from European ancestry populations, providing new insights into correlations and transferability between ancestries.
A genome-wide association study of the human hypothalamus discovers 23 unique loci and examines genetic associations with neuropsychiatric behaviours and disorders.
The authors conducted a comprehensive exome-wide association analysis on eight sleep-related traits. The researchers identified 22 new genes associated with various aspects of sleep, such as chronotype, daytime sleepiness, daytime napping, snoring and sleep apnoea, highlighting the importance of large-scale genomic studies in unravelling the genetic basis of sleep-related traits.
Tuckute et al. use a machine learning approach to identify sentences that either maximally or minimally activate the human language processing network.
Hatzenbuehler et al. argue that cognitive neuroscience should take more interest in the consequences of social inequality, and discuss various research methods for accomplishing this goal.
The Sustainable Development Goals promise to leave no one behind. Yet recent global actions have pushed disadvantaged groups further behind, writes Magda Robalo Correia e Silva.