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Young, McInnes, Massey et al. systematically review published studies evaluating features associated with heterogenous treatment effects for SGLT2-inhibitor and GLP1-receptor agonist therapies in people with type 2 diabetes. They find limited current evidence on treatment effect heterogeneity, for glycaemic, cardiovascular and renal outcomes.
Lim et al. perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify participant characteristics associated with response to gestational diabetes prevention. Characteristics such as BMI, polycystic ovary syndrome and being in the preconception phase could determine responses to certain preventive interventions.
Benham, Gingras, McLennan, Most, Yamamoto, Aiken et al. conduct two systematic reviews and meta-analyses to evaluate whether a precision-based medicine approach can be adopted to improve the clinical management of gestational diabetes (GDM). They find some precision markers that may improve the treatment course of GDM but further research is needed.
Felton et al. conducted a systematic review to evaluate studies testing disease-modifying therapies and features linked to treatment response for type 1 diabetes prevention. While the quality of prevention and intervention trials is found to be high, precision analyses on factors associated with treatment response are of poorer quality.
Murphy, Kevin, Pollin et al. perform a systematic review of the evidence on the criteria used to select individuals with diabetes for genetic testing and of the evidence for the optimal methods for variant detection in genes involved in monogenic diabetes. Based on the findings the authors make recommendations and highlight challenges for the field.
Wen et al. investigate associations between intestinal disturbances and mortality in children hospitalized with complicated severe malnutrition. Differences are seen in the fecal metabolome of children who die compared with those who are discharged, with integrative analyses suggesting an indirect role for intestinal inflammation in mortality.
Ali Shah, Seol et al. use a radiofrequency conductor balloon catheter and an injectable bronchial electrode based on a medical grade liquid metal in a bronchoscopy-guided no-touch radiofrequency ablation procedure in porcine lungs. This approach successfully treats porcine pulmonary nodules.
Miller, Hernandez et al. demonstrate a modest genetic contribution to neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in single ventricle heart disease, and a markedly synergistic effect of genetic, demographic, and clinical variables. This shows the importance of quantifying the impact of genomic variants in the context of conditionally dependent variables.
Chai, Chu, Hu et al. investigate lung cancer risk following exposure to flupentixol or any antipsychotics. They find a reduced risk of lung cancer in patients with more than one year of exposure to flupentixol or any antipsychotics.
Parks et al. find that higher temperatures are associated with increased hospital visits for alcohol- and substance-related disorders in New York State. This suggests that rising temperatures due to climate change may impact the burden of mental health-related conditions.
Agbani et al. compare proteolysis in healthy and Montreal Platelet Syndrome Kindred with VWF p.V1316M mutation (2B-VWDMPS) platelets and identify processing differences in VWF, fibronectin and Crk-like protein. 2B-VWDMPS platelets are basally activated, partially degranulated, and have marked loss of cytoskeletal and contractile proteins.
Padmanabha et al. present a multi-modal detection approach to detect scratch and estimate scratch intensity consisting of a multimodal ring device and machine learning algorithms. Clinically relevant discrimination of scratching intensity levels is achievable.
Kubisch et al. examine antibody seroconversion rates after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children attending daycare centers and adults in Germany. They found higher seroconversion rates in children compared with adults, which may have an influence on reinfection severity in the younger population.
Kilpatrick et al. investigate the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage, trans-fatty acid intake, body mass index, stress and cortical microstructure. Results suggest obesogenic aspects of neighborhood disadvantage could disrupt information processing flexibility in regions involved in reward, emotion regulation and cognition.
Schouls et al. characterize 43,321 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates obtained between 2008 and 2019 in the Netherlands. Genomic changes occur in the MRSA population, with increases in the proportion of PVL-positive MRSA.
Wollburg et al. use high frequency phone surveys in six African countries to investigate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, uptake, and barriers to delivery. Vaccine acceptance is high but variable across countries, with poor access to vaccines at a local level contributing to the rates of unvaccinated individuals.
Ahluwalia et al. report findings from a multicenter phase II clinical trial of TRC105, a chimeric IgG1 endoglin-directed antibody, given with and without bevacizumab, in bevacizumab-refractory glioblastoma. TRC105 administration resulted in increased circulating VEGF-A and combined with bevacizumab resulted in a median survival of 5.7 months.
Åberg et al. assess the predictive performance of obesity measures, including waist-hip ratio, waist circumference, and BMI, for liver-related outcomes in participants of Finnish health surveys. They find that the waist-hip ratio is a better predictor for liver-related outcomes than other measures and synergizes with harmful alcohol use.
Schilling et al. devise a large-scale decentralized cohort to study the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 in India. Preliminary findings support the use of digital technology to enable health research studies and highlight some improvement opportunities for further expansion of the cohort.
Alpuche-Lazcano et al. produce virus-like particles (VLPs) by the sole expression of the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Administration of adjuvanted VLPs to mice and hamsters induces the production of neutralizing antibodies, providing effective protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.