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The area affected by a landslide analogous to an Alpine foreland event in 2009 could be up to 45% larger under 4 K of global warming, or 10% if warming is limited in line with the Paris Agreement, according to simulations of event storylines with varying climate, soil moisture and land use.
Flooding in the United States is projected to become about 8% more severe in a high-emissions scenario by the end of the century based on simulations with a convection-permitting climate model.
Syrian agriculture recovered after the 2007-2009 drought, before the 2011 civil conflict, according to remotely sensed data on agricultural activity in Syria, which calls into question the influence of climate stress on migration and conflict risk.
Greenhouse-gas emissions from the sanitation-service chain in Kampala may represent more than half of the total city-level emissions according to a whole-system analysis.
The manufacturing and on-farm production stages make the largest contribution within the US food supply chain to food loss and waste, and they also have the highest recycling rates, according to a mass flow analysis for the US in 2016.
Phosphorus recycling played a critical role in driving the Late Ordovician mass extinction through ocean euxinia, and in the initiation of the Hirnantian glaciation, according to geochemical analyses of marine rocks from China and global biogeochemical modelling.
The Laschamp Excursion and a further geomagnetic excursion shortly after were characterised by the intermittent dominance of non-axial dipolar-fields, according to high-resolution paleomagnetic measurements on precisely dated sediments from Lake Suigetsu, Japan
Changes in the pattern and frequency of tropical cyclone genesis are largely governed by dynamical effects of climate change, rather than thermodynamics, according to an analysis of coupled climate models.
On global average, the magnitude of hot temperature extremes increased less fast than the magnitude of cold extremes decreased, with much regional variability and a hotspot in the Middle East and North Africa, suggests a global analysis of extremes between 1980 and 2018.
The time and magnitude of flood crests in rivers can be forecast using direct streamflow measurements alone, according to an index-velocity forecasting algorithm applied to in situ data from the Illinois River, USA
Microbial reduction and dissolution of reactive iron (III) mobilizes mineral-bound organic carbon, which contributes to carbon dioxide production and promotes methanogenesis and methane emission before complete permafrost thaw, according to an observational study along collapsing palsa hillslopes in Sweden.
Fine particulate aerosols and black carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion, attributed to traffic, are a major contributor to poor air quality in Nairobi, Kenya, according to a year-long time series of black carbon concentration and radiocarbon composition in particulate matter.
Corals show a heightened sensitivity to a combination of light and thermal stress after prolonged exposure to high ocean temperatures, according to four months-long mesocosm experiments that disentangle the effects of light and ocean warming.
The model-simulated response of environmental conditions to aerosol perturbations in shallow and deep convective clouds is strongly affected by boundary conditions of the simulation, suggest analyses of idealised and realistic simulations of aerosol-cloud interactions.
Ocean tides can drag along the atmosphere above and cause current-induced winds of up to 1.5 m/s while dissipating tidal energy, according to observations and high-resolution numerical simulations of ocean and atmospheric models in the English Channel.
The distribution of fluids beneath the Apennines, the magmatic plumbing system of Mount Etna and the presence of two microplates within the Adriatic plate are interpreted by the application of full waveform adjoint tomography to the entire Italian lithosphere.
Stress concentration zones along magma pathways may locally vary the slope of the frequency-magnitude distribution of earthquakes and temporarily inhibit the occurrence of large eruptions, according to an analysis of the seismicity of Mount Etna between 2005 and 2019.
Geothermal energy can provide enough power to serve the current and future needs of megacities such as Bogotá, Los Angeles and Jakarta and also provide flexibility and baseload capacity, according to an assessment of the geothermal resource base in each city.
Temporarily enhanced terrestrial carbon storage through nature based climate solutions can reduce the peak global temperature increase only when complemented by ambitious emissions reductions, according to simulations with an intermediate complexity climate model.
La Scala Vent Field, near the Solomon Islands in the Pacific Ocean, comprises diffuse vents and vigorous black smokers and hosts large beds of stalked barnacles and bacterial mats at vent peripheries, according to ship-borne multi-beam echo sounding and remotely operated vehicle surveys.