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Regional-scale gravity fields can be evaluated using terrestrial gravity repeated measurements, according to a comparison between Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) measurements and a time-variable terrestrial gravity model for North China
Increased phosphorous availability and enhanced rate of primary production in the Ediacaran Ocean could have aided diversification and the rise of complex life, according to geochemical and microscopy analyses of iron formations from northwest China
The environmental impact of companies from carbon dioxide emissions, energy use, water withdrawal and waste production increases more slowly than the size of the company, according to an analysis of 6500 companies’ data for 2018.
An approach to predict realistic spatial surfaces of extreme storm surge event probabilities and their uncertainty along the contiguous United States coastline is developed using stochastic generation of synthetic extreme surges at the gauged and ungauged gridded locations.
The 2019 Brumadinho tailings dam collapse can be explained by strain weakening behaviour and the growth of a sub-horizontal slip surface through internal creep deformation under constant stress, according to 2D finite element numerical simulations.
A large shallow submarine explosive eruption of ancestral Santorini Volcano discharged pyroclastic gravity flows that laid down an extensive rhyolitic volcaniclastic deposit, identified in drill cores from the Southern Aegean seafloor
Soil carbon preservation can be enhanced under future climate change by including short duration ley grasslands into crop rotations and adjusting ploughing and ley sowing frequency over continuous grassland, according to process-based modelling and long-term field experiments in western France.
Current best estimates of the remaining carbon budgets to meet the Paris Agreements goals assume substantial reductions in methane and other non-CO2 greenhouse gases, and failure to achieve these reductions could place the goals out of reach.
Strontium partitioning and mineral growth rates indicate that seawater pH does not strongly influence foraminiferal calcite shell formation due to a regulation of internal calcite saturation, suggest modelled foraminiferal calcification and strontium partitioning in benthic foraminifera.
Subduction may have started as early as 3.3 billion years ago, according to light oxygen isotopes of olivine grains from ancient magmatic rocks of the Barberton Greenstone Belt in Southern Africa which may record the contribution of oceanic crust in the deep mantle
Machine learning techniques can be utilized across geospatial applications spanning different spatial resolutions using METEOR, a meta-learning methodology that combines a small deep learning model with only a handful of labeled data.
The reaction of hydrogen and bicarbonate with an iron-rich mineral under alkaline pH and low temperature produces long-chain fatty acids which are required for the origin of life, according to experiments using an alkaline hydrothermal vent simulator
Sand mining intensified in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta between 2013 and 2018–2020 with an increase in the allowable rate of sand extraction leading to reductions in the volume of illegally mined sand, according to an analysis of field measurements and government data.
Over the past thirty years, wetland macroinvertebrate alpha diversity decreased while beta diversity increased mainly due to changes in human land-use intensity in the surrounding terrestrial ecosystem, according to long-term biomonitoring data and satellite imagery.
The absence of phosphate precipitation and nitrogen-limited biological uptake explains the high phosphate concentrations in an origin-of-life analogue, according to the geochemical results from a phosphate-rich soda lake, Last Chance Lake, Canada.
Indigenous Peoples and local communities across climate zones and nature dependent livelihoods experience climate change impacts that affect multiple parts of their socioeconomic system, suggests an analysis of 1,661 site-agreed climate change impact reports from 48 locations.
Disparate data sources for emission factors at the sub-sectoral level lead to greater disagreement in estimates of methane emissions for the oil and gas sector, compared to coal, across inventories, suggests an analysis of a suite of bottom-up inventories and an ensemble of global inversions.
Polarella glacialis DNA in sediments can provide a record of past sea-ice cover as inferred gene copy numbers increase with sea-ice concentration between 20 and 80%, suggest analysis of sedimentary DNA from Arctic marine and fjord environments.
Monoterpene emissions from vegetation are more sensitive to temperature than previously thought and are primarily governed by plant functional type with warmer ecosystems appearing to be more sensitive, according to a meta-analysis of monoterpene emission data published between 1980 and 2020.
Large solar farms in the Sahara Desert could redistribute solar power generation potential locally as well as globally through disturbance of large-scale atmospheric teleconnections, according to simulations with an Earth system model.