Abstract
Resting CD4+ T cells are highly resistant to the production of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). However, the mechanism by which resting CD4+ T cells restrict such production in the late viral replication phase of infection has remained unclear. In this study, we found that the cell membrane metalloprotease TRAB domain-containing protein 2A (TRABD2A) inhibited this production in resting CD4+ T cells by degrading the virion structural precursor polyprotein Gag at the plasma membrane. Depletion or inhibition of metalloprotease activity by TRABD2A profoundly enhanced HIV-1 production in resting CD4+ T cells. TRABD2A expression was much higher in resting CD4+ T cells than in activated CD4+ T cells and was considerably reduced by T cell activation. Moreover, reexpressing TRABD2A reinforced the resistance of activated CD4+ T cells to the production of HIV-1 progeny. Collectively, these results elucidate the molecular mechanism employed by resting CD4+ T cells to potently restrict the assembly and production of HIV-1 progeny.
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Data availability
RNA-seq data generated for this study (Fig. 1b) have been deposited in the Sequence Read Archive under accession code PRJNA522052.
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Acknowledgements
We thank all our laboratory members for contributing to this study. We also thank S. Yu, Y. Xiong, J. Ouyang and R. Wang for their technical support. This study was supported by the Mega Projects of National Science Research for the 13th Five-Year Plan (grant no. 2017ZX10201101), Development Plan of Innovative Group of the Ministry of Education 2016 (grant no. IRT_16R70) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 81273238).
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G.L. conceived and directed the whole research project. Y.Q., W.G., L.Z., M.L., J.D., X.Z., H.D. and H. Sun performed the experiments and analyzed the data. W.G., H. Sun and H. Shang provided intellectual advice on the experimental design. G.L. wrote the manuscript.
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Liang, G., Zhao, L., Qiao, Y. et al. Membrane metalloprotease TRABD2A restricts HIV-1 progeny production in resting CD4+ T cells by degrading viral Gag polyprotein. Nat Immunol 20, 711–723 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0385-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0385-2
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