Increased light exposure at night can exacerbate depressive symptoms. Here, increased light exposure at night in mice increased depressive-like symptoms. The authors mapped a retina-to-dorsal perihabenular nucleus (dpHb)-to-nucleus accumbens (NAcc) pathway that was more excitable at night than during the day and found that the resulting increase in activation of the NAcc could underlie the depressive-like behaviours. These findings could have implications for the effects of artificial light and mental health.