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Transgender health care in the United States: legal, ethical and practical concerns for gastroenterologists in a changing landscape

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (2024)Cite this article

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Transgender and gender-diverse patients in the United States can have difficulty finding providers who are knowledgeable about their unique health-care needs. In many states, legislation limits the ability of physicians to provide gender-affirming and supportive care. Further awareness, advocacy and research is needed to help mitigate the discrimination and stigma endured by the transgender community.

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Fig. 1: Challenges in transgender health care in the United States.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Camden Clark Medical Center, Parkersburg, WV, USA

    Sarah Singh

  2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    Nikki Duong

  3. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Temerty Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Laura Targownik

  4. Center for Liver Diseases, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Sonali Paul

  5. Center for Neurointestinal Health, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Christopher Vélez

  6. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA

    Lauren D. Feld

Authors
  1. Sarah Singh
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  4. Sonali Paul
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Correspondence to Sarah Singh.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Singh, S., Duong, N., Targownik, L. et al. Transgender health care in the United States: legal, ethical and practical concerns for gastroenterologists in a changing landscape. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-00933-0

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