Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • News & Views
  • Published:

DIABETES

Anxiety is common and costly in T2DM — why psychology matters

Psychological problems such as depression and anxiety can hamper self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A new prospective study reported that adults with T2DM and diagnosed anxiety disorder had a higher number of emergency visits and a higher cost status, but not total hospitalization costs, than those without diagnosed anxiety disorder.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

References

  1. Ng, C. S. et al. Cost-of-illness studies of diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 105, 151–163 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Iturralde, E. et al. Association of anxiety with high-cost health care use among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care https://doi.org/10.2337/dc18-1553 (2019).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Greenberg, P. E. et al. The economic burden of anxiety disorders in the 1990s. J. Clin. Psychiatry 60, 427–435 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Nefs, G. et al. Correlates and outcomes of worries about hypoglycemia in family members of adults with diabetes: The second Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN2) study. J. Psychosom. Res. 89, 69–77 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Nouwen, A. et al. Longitudinal associations between depression and diabetes complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet. Med. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14054 (2019).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. van Dooren, F. E. et al. Depression and risk of mortality in people with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS One 8, e57058 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Naicker, K. et al. Type 2 diabetes and comorbid symptoms of depression and anxiety: longitudinal associations with mortality risk. Diabetes Care 40, 352–358 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Deschênes, S. S., Burns, R. J. & Schmitz, N. Trajectories of anxiety symptoms and associations with incident cardiovascular disease in adults with type 2 diabetes. J. Psychosom. Res. 104, 95–100 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cherrington, A. L. et al. Impact of peer support on acute care visits and hospitalizations for individuals with diabetes and depressive symptoms: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 41, 2463–2470 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Katon, W. J. et al. Long-term effects on medical costs of improving depression outcomes in patients with depression and diabetes. Diabetes Care 31, 1155–1159 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Frans Pouwer.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Pouwer, F., Nefs, G. Anxiety is common and costly in T2DM — why psychology matters. Nat Rev Endocrinol 15, 567–568 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0244-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0244-0

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing