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Different combinations of glucose tolerance and blood pressure status and incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality events

Journal of Human Hypertension volume 31, pages 744–749 (2017)Cite this article

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of combinations of blood pressure and glucose tolerance status on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. A total of 7619 participants aged ⩾30 years old were stratified to nine categories as follows: (1) normotension (NTN) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (reference group), (2) NTN and pre-diabetes mellitus (pre-DM), (3) NTN and DM, (4) pre-hypertension (pre-HTN) and NGT, (5) pre-HTN and pre-DM, (6) pre-HTN and DM, (7) HTN and NGT, (8) HTN and pre-DM and (9) HTN and DM. Cox proportional hazards were applied to calculate the multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) of different groups for outcomes. For all-cause mortality outcomes, prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) was also adjusted. In a median follow-up of 11.3 years, 696 CVD and 412 all-cause mortality events occurred. Among the population free from CVD at baseline (n=7249), presence of HTN was associated with increased risk of CVD, regardless of glucose tolerance status with HRs of 1.97 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.49–2.61), 2.25 (1.68–3.02) and 3.16 (2.28–4.37) for phenotypes of HTN and NGT, HTN and pre-DM and HTN and DM for CVD, respectively; corresponding HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.65 (95% CI, 1.15–2.37), 1.69 (1.15–2.49) and 2.73 (1.80–4.14), respectively. Phenotypes of NTN and pre-DM (1.48; 1.03–2.14) and NTN and DM (2.04; 1.06–3.92) were also associated with CVD and all-cause mortality, respectively. HTN was significantly associated with CVD/mortality events, regardless of glucose tolerance status. Blood pressure <120/80 mm Hg among pre-diabetic/diabetic population, not on antihypertensive medications, was generally associated with worse outcomes.

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Acknowledgements

We express our appreciation to the participants of district-13 of Tehran for their enthusiastic support in this study. We acknowledge Ms Niloofar Shiva for critical editing of English grammar and syntax of the manuscript. This article has been extracted from the thesis written by Mr Mohammad Ali Hajebrahimi in School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (registration no.: 198). The help given by Mr Vahid Eidkhani for his assistance is much appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student Research Committee, Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    M A Hajebrahimi

  2. Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    S Akbarpour, A Eslami & F Hadaegh

  3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    S Akbarpour

  4. Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    F Azizi

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  1. M A Hajebrahimi
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Correspondence to F Hadaegh.

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Hajebrahimi, M., Akbarpour, S., Eslami, A. et al. Different combinations of glucose tolerance and blood pressure status and incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality events. J Hum Hypertens 31, 744–749 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2017.49

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2017.49

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