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| Open AccessStress increases hepatic release of lipocalin 2 which contributes to anxiety-like behavior in mice
Cross talk between periphery and the central nervous system may contribute to stress associated behaviours. Here the authors identified liver-derived lipocalin 2 as a peripheral factor that elicits anxiety-like behaviours via modulating medial prefrontal neural activity.
- Lan Yan
- , Fengzhen Yang
- & Li Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessTiming along the cardiac cycle modulates neural signals of reward-based learning
Previous work has shown that natural cardiac rhythms modulate the perception and reaction to sensory cues through changes in associated neural signals. Here, the authors show that sensitivity to prediction errors during reward learning is related to the phase of the cardiac cycle.
- Elsa F. Fouragnan
- , Billy Hosking
- & Alejandra Sel
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Article
| Open AccessEEG decoders track memory dynamics
Successful memorization could be decoded from brain activity. Here the authors decode human memory success from EEG recordings, suggesting memory is linked to context.
- Yuxuan Li
- , Jesse K. Pazdera
- & Michael J. Kahana
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Article
| Open AccessSubcellular pathways through VGluT3-expressing mouse amacrine cells provide locally tuned object-motion-selective signals in the retina
How the spatial distribution of synapses relates to the subcellular integration and transmission of signals is not fully understood. Here authors combine functional and connectomic analysis to map the subcellular flow of information in retinal amacrine cells.
- Karl Friedrichsen
- , Jen-Chun Hsiang
- & Josh L. Morgan
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Article
| Open AccessDistinct local and global functions of mouse Aβ low-threshold mechanoreceptors in mechanical nociception
The mechanism underlying mechanical hyperalgesia is not fully understood. Here authors show opposing roles of tactile afferents in mechanical nociception using mouse pain models.
- Mayank Gautam
- , Akihiro Yamada
- & Wenqin Luo
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Article
| Open AccessPlasma brain-derived tau is an amyloid-associated neurodegeneration biomarker in Alzheimer’s disease
The authors investigated associations of brain-derived-tau (BD-tau) with Aβ pathology, changes in cognition and MRI signatures. Staging Aβ-pathology according to neurodegeneration, using BD-tau, identifies individuals at risk of near-term cognitive decline and atrophy.
- Fernando Gonzalez-Ortiz
- , Bjørn-Eivind Kirsebom
- & Kaj Blennow
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Article
| Open AccessShared inflammatory glial cell signature after stab wound injury, revealed by spatial, temporal, and cell-type-specific profiling of the murine cerebral cortex
Glial cells and their crosstalk after injury are crucial for brain regeneration. Here, the authors show the spatial, temporal, and single-cell responses of glial cells after injury and identify shared pathways controlling glial reactivity.
- Christina Koupourtidou
- , Veronika Schwarz
- & Jovica Ninkovic
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Article
| Open AccessDopamine control of social novelty preference is constrained by an interpeduncular-tegmentum circuit
Why animals prefer novel social encounters over familiar ones is unclear. Here, authors find that mesolimbic dopamine encodes novel social interaction bout length; whereas familiar social encounters are shortened by an IPN→LDTg circuit that restricts dopamine to control novelty preference.
- Susanna Molas
- , Timothy G. Freels
- & Andrew R. Tapper
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Article
| Open AccessGlobal spatiotemporal synchronizing structures of spontaneous neural activities in different cell types
Neural mechanisms underlying brain-wide synchronization are not fully understood. Here authors show that traveling waves are prevalent in both excitatory and inhibitory neural populations, more pronounced in glutamatergic neurons, vary across developmental stages, and are associated with functional connections and gene expression.
- Liang Shi
- , Xiaoxi Fu
- & Pengcheng Li
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Article
| Open AccessAge-progressive interplay of HSP-proteostasis, ECM-cell junctions and biomechanics ensures C. elegans astroglial architecture
Neural circuit architecture must be maintained during an animal’s lifetime. Here, the authors show that a protective mechanism combining proteostasis and biomechanics supports the integrity of glial cells to environmental stressors.
- Francesca Coraggio
- , Mahak Bhushan
- & Georgia Rapti
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Article
| Open AccessDynamic encoding of temperature in the central circadian circuit coordinates physiological activities
The central circadian circuit’s role in integrating temperature changes is not fully understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that temperature-sensitive DN1a circadian neurons in the Drosophila brain bidirectionally influence downstream circadian neurons, regulating temperature-dependent physiological activities.
- Hailiang Li
- , Zhiyi Li
- & Fang Guo
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Article
| Open AccessIntron detention tightly regulates the stemness/differentiation switch in the adult neurogenic niche
mRNAs associated with differentiated cells are already detected in adult neural stem cells. Here the authors show how intron detention prevents their translation, solving conflicts in fate decisions while priming stem cells for timely differentiation.
- Ainara González-Iglesias
- , Aida Arcas
- & M. Angela Nieto
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Comment
| Open AccessImpression management in sex and gender neuroscience research reporting: the MAGIC guidelines
Here, the authors discuss guidelines to avoid miscommunication of findings in research into sex and gender-based differences in the brain.
- Gina Rippon
- , Katy Losse
- & Simon White
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Article
| Open AccessIntrathecal delivery of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in traumatic spinal cord injury: Phase I trial
In the CELLTOP Phase I trial, stem cells were harvested from patients with spinal cord injury and injected into their central nervous system after processing. The procedure was safe, with no reported serious adverse events during the 2-year follow-up period.
- Mohamad Bydon
- , Wenchun Qu
- & Allan B. Dietz
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Article
| Open AccessNative-state proteomics of Parvalbumin interneurons identifies unique molecular signatures and vulnerabilities to early Alzheimer’s pathology
Native state proteomics of PV interneurons revealed unique molecular features of high translational and metabolic activity, and enrichment of Alzheimer’s risk genes. Early amyloid pathology exerted unique effects on mitochondria, mTOR signaling and neurotransmission in PV neurons.
- Prateek Kumar
- , Annie M. Goettemoeller
- & Srikant Rangaraju
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Article
| Open AccessAlignment of brain embeddings and artificial contextual embeddings in natural language points to common geometric patterns
Here, using neural activity patterns in the inferior frontal gyrus and large language modeling embeddings, the authors provide evidence for a common neural code for language processing.
- Ariel Goldstein
- , Avigail Grinstein-Dabush
- & Uri Hasson
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Article
| Open AccessColitis reduces active social engagement in mice and is ameliorated by supplementation with human microbiota members
Past intestinal distress is associated with diminished social behavior in mice. Here, the authors show that treatment with microbiota members that are enriched in neurotypical people versus people with ASD can ameliorate colitis severity and associated sociability deficits.
- D. Garrett Brown
- , Michaela Murphy
- & June L. Round
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Article
| Open AccessStructural bases of inhibitory mechanism of CaV1.2 channel inhibitors
CaV1.2 is crucial in cardiac, vascular and neuronal function, serving as a target for many drugs. Here, authors identify the binding site of herb-derived drug tetrandrine, and explore inhibitory mechanism of L/T-type selective DHP drug benidipine.
- Yiqing Wei
- , Zhuoya Yu
- & Yan Zhao
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Article
| Open AccessStructure of alpha-synuclein fibrils derived from human Lewy body dementia tissue
The accumulation of alpha-synuclein fibrils within neurons is the defining feature of Lewy body dementia (LBD). Here the authors report a method to produce large quantities of alpha-synuclein fibrils that reproduce the complex structure of the fibrils that accumulate in LBD brain tissue.
- Dhruva D. Dhavale
- , Alexander M. Barclay
- & Paul T. Kotzbauer
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Article
| Open AccessTransient expression of the neuropeptide galanin modulates peripheral‑to‑central connectivity in the somatosensory thalamus during whisker development in mice
The function of transient neuropeptides in developmental roles in the nervous system remains elusive. Here, authors demonstrate that galanin shapes synaptic wiring in the whisker pathway, a fundamental sensory modality for infant rodents before eye opening.
- Zsofia Hevesi
- , Joanne Bakker
- & Tibor Harkany
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Article
| Open AccessRemodeling of the postsynaptic proteome in male mice and marmosets during synapse development
The proteomic changes that occur during synapse development are not fully understood. In this work, the authors characterise the postsynaptic proteome changes that occur during development in male mice and marmosets.
- Takeshi Kaizuka
- , Takehiro Suzuki
- & Toru Takumi
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Article
| Open AccessPheromone-based communication influences the production of somatic extracellular vesicles in C. elegans
Extracellular vesicles are fundamental in cellular communication. Here, authors show how C. elegans pheromones regulate vesicle production, showcasing the impact of social behaviors on cellular mechanisms.
- Agata Szczepańska
- , Katarzyna Olek
- & Michał Turek
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Article
| Open AccessA midbrain GABAergic circuit constrains wakefulness in a mouse model of stress
Neural circuit mechanisms underlying prevention of hyperarousal in acute stress conditions are not fully understood. Here authors show GAD2-positive GABAergic neurons in the midbrain dorsal raphe nucleus constrain the increase of wakefulness to prevent hyperarousal in a mouse model of stress.
- Shuancheng Ren
- , Cai Zhang
- & Zhian Hu
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Article
| Open AccessStructure and function of Semaphorin-5A glycosaminoglycan interactions
Semaphorin 5A (Sema5A) forms complexes with heparan and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans to regulate neuronal migration. Here, the authors show that the thrombospondin-like repeat 4 (TSR4) of Sema5A enables glycosaminoglycan association, multimerization, and neural progenitor cell distribution.
- Gergely N. Nagy
- , Xiao-Feng Zhao
- & E. Yvonne Jones
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Article
| Open AccessCondensin-mediated restriction of retrotransposable elements facilitates brain development in Drosophila melanogaster
Mutations in condensin subunits cause microcephaly, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, the authors show that unrestricted retrotransposable element activity impairs brain development in condensin insufficient organisms.
- Bert I. Crawford
- , Mary Jo Talley
- & Michelle S. Longworth
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Article
| Open AccessReplication study on the role of dopamine-dependent prefrontal reactivations in human extinction memory retrieval
Dopamine may help strengthen fear-inhibitory extinction memories through influences on the prefrontal cortex. Here, the authors replicate their previous finding that prefrontal reactivations are predictive of extinction memory retrieval but do not replicate the enhancing effects of L-DOPA.
- Elena Andres
- , Hu Chuan-Peng
- & Raffael Kalisch
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Article
| Open AccessSynaptically-targeted long non-coding RNA SLAMR promotes structural plasticity by increasing translation and CaMKII activity
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) function in many processes yet their participation in learning is largely unknown. Here, we identify and characterize the lncRNA SLAMR, which is recruited to stimulated synapses to mediate structural plasticity during experience and fear memory consolidation.
- Isabel Espadas
- , Jenna L. Wingfield
- & Sathyanarayanan Puthanveettil
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-performance ferroelectric field-effect transistors with ultra-thin indium tin oxide channels for flexible and transparent electronics
Using Zr-doped HfO2 and ultra-thin indium tin oxide, Li et al. develop flexible field-effect transistors with a memory window of 2.78 V and bending reliability to enable high-performance back-end-of-line compatible wearable devices.
- Qingxuan Li
- , Siwei Wang
- & Lin Chen
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Article
| Open AccessThe effects of genetic and modifiable risk factors on brain regions vulnerable to ageing and disease
A network of brain regions degenerates earlier in aging. Here the authors show that, this network is most vulnerable to diabetes, traffic-related pollution and alcohol consumption in terms of risk factors for dementia, and associated with the XG blood group genes.
- Jordi Manuello
- , Joosung Min
- & Gwenaëlle Douaud
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Article
| Open AccessTomosyns attenuate SNARE assembly and synaptic depression by binding to VAMP2-containing template complexes
SNARE-dependent membrane fusion underlies neurotransmission in the nervous system. Here, the authors demonstrate how, in mammalian neurons, the synaptic protein tomosyn controls secretion by increasing the energy barrier for fusion.
- Marieke Meijer
- , Miriam Öttl
- & Matthijs Verhage
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Article
| Open AccessSpatial transcriptomics reveals molecular dysfunction associated with cortical Lewy pathology
The impact of α-synuclein aggregates on neurons has been unclear. Here, the authors identify a Lewy Associated Molecular Dysfunction from Aggregates (LAMDA) signature in inclusion bearing neurons in human brain and a mouse model of α-synucleinopathy.
- Thomas M. Goralski
- , Lindsay Meyerdirk
- & Michael X. Henderson
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Article
| Open AccessUltrastructure of human brain tissue vitrified from autopsy revealed by cryo-ET with cryo-plasma FIB milling
Here the authors report a method for cryogenic electron microscopy imaging of human brain tissue samples directly obtained from autopsy, offering insights into cellular ultrastructure and a tool to study potential pathologic features.
- Benjamin C. Creekmore
- , Kathryn Kixmoeller
- & Yi-Wei Chang
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Article
| Open AccessIntracortical recordings reveal vision-to-action cortical gradients driving human exogenous attention
How external stimuli capture our attention remains poorly understood. Here, the authors use a data-driven approach with human intracortical recordings to show that exogenous attention phenomena, such as inhibition of return, emerge at the intersection of visual and response signals across cortical gradients and timescales that shape the segregation of attentional events.
- Tal Seidel Malkinson
- , Dimitri J. Bayle
- & Paolo Bartolomeo
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Article
| Open AccessAbundant pleiotropy across neuroimaging modalities identified through a multivariate genome-wide association study
The authors uncover extensive genetic overlap across brain structure, functional connectivity, and brain tissue composition using multivariate methods. Insights gained enhance understanding of brain biology and prediction of psychiatric conditions.
- E. P. Tissink
- , A. A. Shadrin
- & O. A. Andreassen
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Article
| Open AccessPredicting and improving complex beer flavor through machine learning
Perception and appreciation of food flavour depends on many factors, posing a challenge for effective prediction. Here, the authors combine extensive chemical and sensory analyses of 250 commercial Belgian beers to train machine learning models that enable flavour and consumer appreciation prediction.
- Michiel Schreurs
- , Supinya Piampongsant
- & Kevin J. Verstrepen
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Article
| Open AccessUsing rare genetic mutations to revisit structural brain asymmetry
Asymmetry is a key organising principle of the brain. Here the authors leveraged rare genetic mutations to revisit structural brain asymmetry showing the planum temporale is susceptible to deletions & duplications of specific gene sets.
- Jakub Kopal
- , Kuldeep Kumar
- & Danilo Bzdok
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Article
| Open AccessSKA2 regulated hyperactive secretory autophagy drives neuroinflammation-induced neurodegeneration
Secretory autophagy (SA) plays a crucial role in neuroinflammation-driven neurodegeneration, through SKA2 and FKBP5. SKA2 regulation of SA can inhibit IL-1β release. Its dysfunction leads to neurodegeneration, and is linked to Alzheimer’s disease.
- Jakob Hartmann
- , Thomas Bajaj
- & Nils C. Gassen
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Article
| Open AccessPlasma p-tau212 antemortem diagnostic performance and prediction of autopsy verification of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology
A range of blood-based biomarkers have shown high specificity for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathophysiology with phosphorylated-tau (p-tau) being the most promising test. Here, the authors show the utility of plasma p-tau212 in autopsy-confirmed AD and memory clinic patient cohorts.
- Przemysław R. Kac
- , Fernando González-Ortiz
- & Thomas K. Karikari
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Article
| Open AccessSerotonergic modulation of vigilance states in zebrafish and mice
To successfully escape a predator, animals usually maintain a vigilance state, the neural basis of which was unknown. Here, authors show a 5-HT driven mechanism operating at neural circuit level which shapes the vigilance state in zebrafish and mice.
- Yang Zhao
- , Chun-Xiao Huang
- & Jianren Song
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Article
| Open AccessThe aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 rs671 variant enhances amyloid β pathology
Here, Wang et al. report that the ALDH2 rs671 variant exacerbates amyloid-β pathology in the human brain. Mechanistically, the variant leads to 4-HNE accumulation, adducting Lys53 of C99 and promoting the production of Aβ40.
- Xia Wang
- , Jiayu Wang
- & Wei Ge
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Article
| Open AccessThe AMPK-related kinase NUAK1 controls cortical axons branching by locally modulating mitochondrial metabolic functions
Mitochondria emerged as essential actors of neural circuits development. Here, the authors uncovered that the AMPK-related kinase NUAK1 controls axonal mitochondrial metabolism through the regulation of the mitochondrial microprotein BRAWNIN.
- Marine Lanfranchi
- , Sozerko Yandiev
- & Julien Courchet
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Article
| Open AccessA cerebro-cerebellar network for learning visuomotor associations
The extent of cerebellar contributions to non-motor learning remains unclear. Here, authors identify a cortico-cerebellar circuit in primates that plays a causal role in reinforcement-based learning of visuomotor associations.
- Naveen Sendhilnathan
- , Andreea C. Bostan
- & Michael E. Goldberg
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Article
| Open AccessNucleus accumbens D1- and D2-expressing neurons control the balance between feeding and activity-mediated energy expenditure
Increasing evidence point to a dysfunction of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in eating disorders. Here, the authors provide evidence that dysregulation of the activity of NAc dopaminoceptive neuronal subpopulations is sufficient to alter energy balance.
- Roman Walle
- , Anna Petitbon
- & Pierre Trifilieff
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Article
| Open AccessThe binding and mechanism of a positive allosteric modulator of Kv3 channels
To promote the development of effective small molecule modulators that may help treat diverse neuropsychiatric disorders, this study elucidates the mechanism of a specific positive modulator of neuronal potassium channels at near-atomic resolution.
- Qiansheng Liang
- , Gamma Chi
- & Manuel Covarrubias
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Article
| Open AccessContext memory formed in medial prefrontal cortex during infancy enhances learning in adulthood
Early life experience contributes to behaviour in later life. Here the authors show in rats, that the infant brain, during a critical period, forms lasting memories of the spatial context of experiences; in adulthood, these memories involving medial prefrontal cortex improve spatial abilities in similar contexts.
- María P. Contreras
- , Marta Mendez
- & Marion Inostroza
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Article
| Open AccessExpression of ALS-PFN1 impairs vesicular degradation in iPSC-derived microglia
Mutations in profilin 1 (PFN1), which modulates actin dynamics, are associated with ALS. Here the authors show that expression of ALS-PFN1 is sufficient to induce deficits in human microglia-like cells, including impaired phagocytosis and lipid metabolism, and that gain-of-function interactions between ALS-PFN1 and PI3P may underlie these deficits.
- Salome Funes
- , Jonathan Jung
- & Daryl A. Bosco
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Article
| Open AccessAutologous cell transplantation for treatment of colorectal aganglionosis in mice
Neurointestinal diseases cause significant morbidity and effective treatments are lacking. Here, authors perform autologous cell transplantation of enteric neural stem cells in a mouse model of colonic aganglionosis and report restoration of colonic contractile activity.
- Weikang Pan
- , Ahmed A. Rahman
- & Ryo Hotta
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Article
| Open AccessThe influence of cortical activity on perception depends on behavioral state and sensory context
The mechanistic link between cortical activity and behaviors remains largely unclear. Here authors show that targeted holographic photostimulation of mouse visual cortex during a detection task alters performance based on the animal’s state and visual stimulus conditions, highlighting the dynamic influence of cortical activity on perception and behavior.
- Lloyd E. Russell
- , Mehmet Fişek
- & Michael Häusser
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Article
| Open AccessEfficient coding of natural images in the mouse visual cortex
Whether mice can perceptually discriminate between texture images, and if so how these stimuli are processed by their visual system, remains an open question. Here, the authors show that mice can visually discriminate between textures and found evidence for ‘efficient coding’, highlighting a correlative link between image statistics, perceptual behavior, and geometrical aspects of neural representations.
- Federico Bolaños
- , Javier G. Orlandi
- & Andrea Benucci
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