Volcanology articles within Nature Geoscience

Featured

  • Article |

    Magma ascent from the near-Moho depth of 24 km to surface eruption took 10 days with melt transport rates of 0.02 to 0.1 m s−1, according to geothermobarometry and diffusion chronometry on primitive olivine crystals from Borgarhraun, Iceland.

    • Euan J. F. Mutch
    • , John Maclennan
    •  & John F. Rudge

  • Editorial |

    Geohazards can be too dangerous to study directly but too deadly to ignore. For these types of events, data from physical experiments can plug gaps in both hazard models and understanding.

  • News & Views |

    Pyroclastic density currents generate a basal air cushion that reduces friction with the ground, reveal laboratory experiments. This explains their ability to travel rapidly over large distances from their volcanic source.

    • Alain Burgisser

  • Editorial |

    Machine learning allows geoscientists to embrace data at scales greater than ever before. We are excited to see what this innovative tool can teach us.

  • Correspondence |

    • Fabian B. Wadsworth
    • , Edward W. Llewellin
    •  & Cate Watkinson

  • News & Views |

    Extreme temperature swings and deteriorating environments are perhaps what killed most life in the end-Permian extinction, suggest climate model simulations. Siberian Traps volcanism probably triggered the events.

    • Ying Cui

  • Article |

    Crustal structures are as important as deep mantle melting in controlling magma ascent and the composition and distribution of erupted material, according to 3D resistivity modelling, geophysical data and the distribution of Quaternary volcanism.

    • Paul A. Bedrosian
    • , Jared R. Peacock
    •  & Graham J. Hill

  • Article |

    Arc volcanism emits higher metal fluxes to Earth’s atmosphere than hotspot volcanism. The systems’ unique gas compositions are controlled by magmatic water content and redox state, as shown by a compilation of volcanic gas and aerosol metal data.

    • Marie Edmonds
    • , Tamsin A. Mather
    •  & Emma J. Liu

  • Article |

    The redox state of volcanic gases and melts can become decoupled during magma ascent, according to observations of gas emissions from Kīlauea’s lava lake, Hawaii. Cooling of fast-rising bubbles changes the abundance of redox-sensitive gas species.

    • Clive Oppenheimer
    • , Bruno Scaillet
    •  & Yves Moussallam

  • Article |

    Pyroxenite—recycled, subducted material—beneath mid-ocean ridges cools the mantle, suppressing melt extraction and crust formation, according to geochemical analyses of samples taken from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

    • Daniele Brunelli
    • , Anna Cipriani
    •  & Enrico Bonatti

  • News & Views |

    The heat driving Yellowstone’s volcanism originates from a depth of at least 700 km, according to images of the mantle created using novel seismic methods.

    • Karin Sigloch

  • News & Views |

    Multi-disciplinary analyses of Earth’s most destructive volcanic systems show that continuous monitoring and an understanding of each volcano’s quirks, rather than a single unified model, are key to generating accurate hazard assessments.

    • Christy B. Till
    • , Matthew Pritchard
    •  & Juliet Ryan-Davis

  • Article |

    The shape of mid-ocean ridges is influenced by lithospheric mechanical strength, according to laboratory simulations of diverging plates. The results imply that large tectonic plates probably could not have formed on a younger, hotter Earth.

    • A. L. R. Sibrant
    • , E. Mittelstaedt
    •  & R. Pidoux

  • Article |

    A persistent melt layer may have existed in the Archaean upper mantle, according to experimental analyses. The melt layer could have decoupled the mantle from the overlying lithosphere, hindering plate tectonics.

    • Denis Andrault
    • , Giacomo Pesce
    •  & Louis Hennet

  • News & Views |

    Tectonic controls on atmospheric oxygenation are frequently invoked — but whether geochemical records support these ties is an unsettled question.

    • Noah Planavsky

  • Editorial |

    Emissions of CO2 from the continents and underlying mantle are emerging as potentially important drivers of past climate fluctuations.

  • News & Views |

    A link between CO2 outgassing from carbonatite volcanoes during the Ediacaran and one of the most prominent carbon cycle perturbations in Earth’s history is suggested by an analysis of the trace-element composition of detrital zircons.

    • N. Ryan McKenzie

  • News & Views |

    Ancient lavas reveal the presence of deep mantle reservoirs with anomalously light oxygen signatures. These lavas fingerprint heterogeneous mantle domains in early Earth that may have since been mixed away.

    • Marco Fiorentini

  • News & Views |

    Partial desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea may have boosted magmatism during the Messinian epoch.

    • Jean-Arthur Olive

  • News & Views |

    Estimates of carbon in the deep mantle vary by more than an order of magnitude. Coupled volcanic CO2 emission data and magma supply rates reveal a carbon-rich mantle plume source region beneath Hawai'i with 40% more carbon than previous estimates.

    • Peter H. Barry

  • Article |

    Estimates of the carbon content of Earth’s mantle and magmas vary. Analysis and modelling of gas emissions at Hawai‘i indicate that the amount of carbon in the Hawaiian mantle plume and CO2 in Hawaiian lavas is 40% greater than previously thought.

    • Kyle R. Anderson
    •  & Michael P. Poland

  • Article |

    The controls on magma transport in the crust are poorly known. Field analysis and numerical modelling of magmatic intrusions preserved in North America suggest that surface transfer of magma increases in warming crust as the magmatic system ages.

    • Leif Karlstrom
    • , Scott R. Paterson
    •  & A. Mark Jellinek

  • News & Views |

    The long-term cooling of Earth's mantle is recorded in the declining temperature and volume of its volcanic outpourings over time. However, analyses of 89-million-year-old lavas from Costa Rica suggest that extremely hot mantle still lurks below.

    • Oliver Shorttle

  • News & Views |

    Over 70% of the volcanism on Earth occurs beneath an ocean veil. Now, robotic- and fibre-optic-based technologies are beginning to reveal this deep environment and identify subaqueous volcanoes as rich sources of sulfur, carbon dioxide and life.

    • Deborah Kelley

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