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| Open AccessOver-coupled resonator for broadband surface enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA)
Nanoresonator is proven to be an excellent platform for molecular detection, yet a set of them is necessary to identify a molecule fingerprint. Here, the authors utilise low quality resonators with large radiative losses, despite its lower quality factor, to identify molecular absorption spectrum between 5 and 10 μm.
- Laura Paggi
- , Alice Fabas
- & Patrick Bouchon
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Article
| Open AccessAtmospheric turbulence strength distribution along a propagation path probed by longitudinally structured optical beams
Knowledge of atmospheric turbulence strength at various distances is critical for the development of effective solutions for turbulence mitigation. Here, authors demonstrate how to probe the distribution of turbulence strength along a propagation path with multiple longitudinally structured optical beams
- Huibin Zhou
- , Xinzhou Su
- & Alan E. Willner
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Article
| Open AccessQuadrupolar excitons and hybridized interlayer Mott insulator in a trilayer moiré superlattice
The authors observe the signatures of quadrupolar excitons in a WSe2-WS2-WSe2 trilayer moiré superlattice, originating from the hybridization of the WSe2 valence moiré flatbands. They further use electrostatic gating to reveal a hybridized interlayer Mott insulator state, with holes shared between the two WSe2 layers but laterally confined in moiré superlattices.
- Zhen Lian
- , Dongxue Chen
- & Su-Fei Shi
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Article
| Open AccessμeV electron spectromicroscopy using free-space light
The authors present μeV electron spectromicroscopy, a technique that combines free-space light and electron beams to achieve unmatched spatial and spectral resolution. This approach enables detailed investigation of photonic structures, promising advancements in microscopy and quantum optics.
- Yves Auad
- , Eduardo J. C. Dias
- & Mathieu Kociak
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Article
| Open AccessDeconvolution volumetric additive manufacturing
Volumetric additive manufacturing generally suffers from systematic undercuring of fine features, which limits its application range. Here, authors develop a model to predict print time variation with feature size and propose a deconvolution method, enabling precise fabrication of intricate structures.
- Antony Orth
- , Daniel Webber
- & Chantal Paquet
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Article
| Open AccessPhase intensity nanoscope (PINE) opens long-time investigation windows of living matter
The authors present phase intensity nanoscope (PINE), which uses an integrated phase-intensity multilayer thin film to localize randomly distributed nanoprobes and resolve sub-10 nm cellular architectures. They demonstrate dynamic imaging of nanoscopic reorganization over 250 h and find that nanoscale rearrangements emerging into macroscale rearrangements are synchronized.
- Guangjie Cui
- , Yunbo Liu
- & Somin Eunice Lee
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Article
| Open AccessLabel-free adaptive optics single-molecule localization microscopy for whole zebrafish
Specimen-induced aberration can limit the imaging depth in single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). Here, the authors apply label-free wavefront sensing adaptive optics to SMLM for deep-tissue super-resolution imaging.
- Sanghyeon Park
- , Yonghyeon Jo
- & Wonshik Choi
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Article
| Open AccessDynamic imaging of interfacial electrochemistry on single Ag nanowires by azimuth-modulated plasmonic scattering interferometry
Direct visualization of the chemical dynamics of surfaces in solution is essential to gain mechanistic insights into nanocatalysis and electrochemistry. Here, the authors demonstrate the imaging of dynamic interfacial changes on a single nanowire during chemical reactions using azimuthally modulated plasmonic scattering interferometry.
- Gang Wu
- , Chen Qian
- & Xian-Wei Liu
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Article
| Open AccessLarge depth-of-field ultra-compact microscope by progressive optimization and deep learning
Traditional optical microscope, while bulky, often fails to deliver optimal performance. Here, the authors have engineered an integrated microscope of 0.15 cm3 in volume and a weight of 0.5 g, which outperforms a commercial microscope and can be seamlessly integrated with a smartphone.
- Yuanlong Zhang
- , Xiaofei Song
- & Qionghai Dai
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-speed scanless entire bandwidth mid-infrared chemical imaging
The authors present a fast mid-infrared hyperspectral chemical imaging technique that uses chirped pulse upconversion of sub-cycle pulses at the image plane, with lateral resolution of 15 µm and an adjustable field of view and large spectral range. They demonstrate identification and mapping different components in a microfluidic device, plant cell, and mouse embryo.
- Yue Zhao
- , Shota Kusama
- & Takao Fuji
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Article
| Open AccessNon-line-of-sight snapshots and background mapping with an active corner camera
Most non-line-of-sight imaging requires scanned illumination, limiting applicability for dynamic scenes. Here the authors exploit occlusion and a sensor array to estimate locations and sizes of moving foreground objects and a static background map.
- Sheila Seidel
- , Hoover Rueda-Chacón
- & Vivek K Goyal
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Article
| Open AccessImaging the field inside nanophotonic accelerators
The optical field inside a nanophotonic particle accelerator is revealed. To this end, the authors developed a field imaging technique for spatial and spectral resolution on the nanometer scale.
- Tal Fishman
- , Urs Haeusler
- & Ido Kaminer
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Article
| Open AccessDirect laser writing of 3D electrodes on flexible substrates
This report describes a 3D microelectrode array integrated on a thin-film flexible cable using traditional thin-film processing techniques and direct laser writing of 3D structures at micron resolution via two-photon lithography for neural recording.
- Morgan A. Brown
- , Kara M. Zappitelli
- & Timothy J. Gardner
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Article
| Open AccessDeep learning-based incoherent holographic camera enabling acquisition of real-world holograms for holographic streaming system
The authors develop a deep learning-based incoherent holographic camera system in order to deliver visually enhanced holograms in real-time. The neural network filters the noise in the captured holograms, and by integrating a holographic camera and a display, they demonstrate a holographic streaming system.
- Hyeonseung Yu
- , Youngrok Kim
- & Hong-Seok Lee
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| Open AccessA chip-scale atomic beam clock
Compact atomic clocks and atom interferometers are desired for on-chip integration. Here the authors demonstrate a chip-scale atomic beam of 87Rb atoms and its application as an atomic beam clock
- Gabriela D. Martinez
- , Chao Li
- & William R. McGehee
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Article
| Open AccessCoherent Stokes Raman scattering microscopy (CSRS)
Coherent Stokes Raman scattering (CSRS) has never been explored previously for chemical imaging due to a strong fluorescence background. Here, the authors demonstrate the first fluorescence-free CSRS laser scanning microscope and predict CSRS’ unique backscattering properties.
- Sandro Heuke
- & Hervé Rigneault
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Article
| Open AccessDrug screening at single-organoid resolution via bioprinting and interferometry
Traditional 2D cell culture platforms do not accurately reflect the physiology of human tumors. Here, authors combine bioprinting and high-speed live cell interferometry with machine learning to measure drug sensitivity at single-organoid resolution in a label-free manner.
- Peyton J. Tebon
- , Bowen Wang
- & Alice Soragni
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Article
| Open AccessGiant optomechanical spring effect in plasmonic nano- and picocavities probed by surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Extreme confinement of light in plasmonic nanocavities strongly enhances the optomechanical coupling of light with molecular vibrations. Here, the authors use a giant optical spring effect to reversibly weaken molecular bonds.
- Lukas A. Jakob
- , William M. Deacon
- & Jeremy J. Baumberg
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| Open AccessCharacterization of diffusing sub-10 nm nano-objects using single anti-resonant element optical fibers
Characterizing diffusing species is increasingly important for revealing nanoscale processes. Here, the authors uncover the potential of fiber-assisted nanoparticle tracking analysis by characterizing nanoparticles as small as 9 nm at record precision levels, reaching fundamental limits.
- Torsten Wieduwilt
- , Ronny Förster
- & Markus A. Schmidt
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Article
| Open AccessPoint singularity array with metasurfaces
Optical singularities are typically 1D structures like vortices. This study used metasurfaces to position ten identical point singularities with tight confinement. This could miniaturize optical systems for super-resolution microscopy and dark traps.
- Soon Wei Daniel Lim
- , Joon-Suh Park
- & Federico Capasso
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| Open AccessParallel interrogation of the chalcogenide-based micro-ring sensor array for photoacoustic tomography
The authors report a highly sensitive chalcogenide-based micro-ring sensor array for photoacoustic tomography and develops a compatible parallel interrogation means by synthesizing a digital optical frequency comb. Imaging is demonstrated on fast-moving objects, leaf veins, and live zebrafish.
- Jingshun Pan
- , Qiang Li
- & Zhaohui Li
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Article
| Open AccessNon-line-of-sight imaging with arbitrary illumination and detection pattern
The authors propose a confocal complemented signal-object collaborative regularization method for non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging without specific requirements on the spatial pattern of measurement points. The method extends the application range of NLOS imaging.
- Xintong Liu
- , Jianyu Wang
- & Lingyun Qiu
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Article
| Open AccessCASPI: collaborative photon processing for active single-photon imaging
The sparse, noisy, and distorted raw photon data captured by single-photon cameras make it difficult to estimate scene properties under challenging illumination conditions. Here, the authors present Collaborative photon processing for Active Single-Photon Imaging (CASPI), a technology-agnostic, application-agnostic, and training-free photon processing pipeline for high-resolution single-photon cameras.
- Jongho Lee
- , Atul Ingle
- & Mohit Gupta
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Article
| Open AccessHybrid achromatic microlenses with high numerical apertures and focusing efficiencies across the visible
Creating compact, lightweight and powerful optics that work well under visible light has been challenging. Here, the authors 3D print optically transparent polymers inside nanoporous glass in order to densely integrate refractive and diffractive elements, forming thin, high-performance hybrid achromatic imaging micro-optics.
- Corey A. Richards
- , Christian R. Ocier
- & Paul V. Braun
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Article
| Open AccessDeep learning enables satellite-based monitoring of large populations of terrestrial mammals across heterogeneous landscape
This study presents a deep learning pipeline to automatically locate and count large herds of migratory ungulates (wildebeest and zebra) in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem using fine resolution satellite imagery. The results achieve accurate detection of nearly 500,000 individuals across thousands of square kilometers and multiple habitat types.
- Zijing Wu
- , Ce Zhang
- & Tiejun Wang
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Article
| Open AccessImaging quantized vortex rings in superfluid helium to evaluate quantum dissipation
Quantum vortices exist in superfluid and play important role in superfluid characteristics. Here the authors determine quantum dissipation caused by mutual friction in superfluid by filming the motion of quantized vortex rings in superfluid helium.
- Yuan Tang
- , Wei Guo
- & Toshiaki Kanai
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-frame deep-learning super-resolution microscopy for intracellular dynamics imaging
Multi-frame super-resolution microscopy is hampered by long acquisition times and phototoxicity, which hinder its use for live-cell imaging. Here, authors propose a deep-learning-based single-frame super-resolution approach to image cellular dynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution.
- Rong Chen
- , Xiao Tang
- & Shuhuai Yao
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Article
| Open AccessMeasurement-induced collective vibrational quantum coherence under spontaneous Raman scattering in a liquid
Spontaneous Raman scattering is classically understood as an incoherent process. Here, the authors demonstrate that macroscopic quantum coherence among billions of vibrating molecules in a liquid is generated when single photon detection and single spatio-temporal mode excitation are implemented.
- Valeria Vento
- , Santiago Tarrago Velez
- & Christophe Galland
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| Open Access3D-patterned inverse-designed mid-infrared metaoptics
The authors show computationally optimized, multilayer scattering structures in the mid-infrared for high efficiency imaging. Multispectral and polarization sorting devices are fabricated via two-photon lithography and characterized optically.
- Gregory Roberts
- , Conner Ballew
- & Andrei Faraon
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Article
| Open AccessDirect nano-imaging of light-matter interactions in nanoscale excitonic emitters
Authors investigate quasi-2D nanoscale emitters on different substrates with tapping mode tip-enhanced spectroscopy. They visualize in-plane near-field and radiative energy propagation via Surface plasmon polaritons launched by the nanoscale emitters on dielectric/Au or SiO2/Si substrates.
- Kiyoung Jo
- , Emanuele Marino
- & Deep Jariwala
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-pulse terahertz spectroscopy monitoring sub-millisecond time dynamics at a rate of 50 kHz
Single-pulse THz spectroscopy at 50 kHz is performed with a table-top system to extract rapid changes of a material’s complex dielectric function. This technique is demonstrated by monitoring carrier accumulation and relaxation dynamics in silicon.
- Nicolas Couture
- , Wei Cui
- & Jean-Michel Ménard
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Article
| Open AccessTriboelectric-induced ion mobility for artificial intelligence-enhanced mid-infrared gas spectroscopy
Isopropyl alcohol can play a significant role in anti-virus diagnosis but generally yields limited response in conventional detection. Here, authors propose a methodology of AI-enhanced ion mobility and mid-infrared spectroscopy for accurate gas identification despite presence different carbon-based gases.
- Jianxiong Zhu
- , Shanling Ji
- & Chengkuo Lee
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Article
| Open AccessA sensitive high repetition rate arrival time monitor for X-ray free electron lasers
In time-resolved measurements it is crucial to know the time delay between the exciting and probing light pulses. Here the authors demonstrate a self-referencing common-path interferometer method measuring the arrival time between the X-ray free electron laser and the optical pulse to the target and thus their inherent timing jitter.
- Michael Diez
- , Henning Kirchberg
- & Christian Bressler
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Article
| Open AccessQuantum microscopy of cells at the Heisenberg limit
The authors present a method for super-resolution quantum microscopy at the Heisenberg limit by using pairs of entangled photons with balanced pathlengths. They improve the spatial resolution, imaging speed, and contrast-to-noise ratio in practice while providing a theoretical interpretation of the super-resolution feature.
- Zhe He
- , Yide Zhang
- & Lihong V. Wang
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-shot isotropic differential interference contrast microscopy
The authors present a metasurface-assisted isotropic DIC microscopy technique. It is based on an original pattern of radial shear interferometry, that converts rectilinear shear into rotationally symmetric radial shear, enabling single-shot isotropic imaging capabilities.
- Xinwei Wang
- , Hao Wang
- & Xumin Ding
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| Open AccessAll-optical control of high-purity trions in nanoscale waveguide
The authors induce a nanoscale strain gradient in monolayer MoS2 suspended on a waveguide and take advantage of propagating surface plasmon polaritons to localize hot electrons in the suspended area. They funnel excitons in the waveguide, facilitating all-optical control of exciton-to-trion conversion.
- Hyeongwoo Lee
- , Yeonjeong Koo
- & Kyoung-Duck Park
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Article
| Open AccessConfocal interferometric scattering microscopy reveals 3D nanoscopic structure and dynamics in live cells
Label-free imaging is crucial to life sciences, but it can be hampered by the lack of 3D imaging capability and low nanoscopic sensitivity. Here, authors show a confocal interferometric scattering microscopy approach allowing the quantification of nanometric topography and intracellular dynamics.
- Michelle Küppers
- , David Albrecht
- & Vahid Sandoghdar
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| Open AccessMeta-optics empowered vector visual cryptography for high security and rapid decryption
Usual methods for optical encryption suffer from a tradeoff between the level of security and the complexity of operation given by multiple optical measurements or digital postprocessing. Here, the authors show a multi-d.o.f. metasurface-based vector optical manipulation protocol enabling secure decryption in real time.
- Fei Zhang
- , Yinghui Guo
- & Xiangang Luo
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Article
| Open AccessImaging-based intelligent spectrometer on a plasmonic rainbow chip
The authors develop an imaging-based intelligent spectrometer on a plasmonic “rainbow” chip. It can accurately and precisely determine the spectroscopic and polarimetric information of the illumination spectrum using a single image assisted by suitably trained deep learning algorithms.
- Dylan Tua
- , Ruiying Liu
- & Qiaoqiang Gan
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Article
| Open AccessUltrafast light targeting for high-throughput precise control of neuronal networks
Current holographic approaches for neuronal stimulation have limitations in their temporal resolution and the number of targeted neurons. Here, the authors demonstrate an approach for ultra-fast holographic light targeting which, combined with optogenetics, enables sub-millisecond control of sequential neuronal activation and high throughput simultaneous multicell illumination.
- Giulia Faini
- , Dimitrii Tanese
- & Valentina Emiliani
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| Open AccessExploiting volumetric wave correlation for enhanced depth imaging in scattering medium
The authors achieve ultrahigh resolution and depth volumetric imaging in complex media by recording a volumetric reflection matrix covering individual wavelengths and angles and developing reconstruction algorithms based on volumetric wave correlation.
- Ye-Ryoung Lee
- , Dong-Young Kim
- & Wonshik Choi
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Article
| Open AccessSuper-resolution orbital angular momentum holography
The resolution of orbital angular momentum holography is limited by a fundamental sampling criterion. Here, the authors break the resolution barrier by temporal multiplexing of binary holograms and enhance the resolution and capacity by several times.
- Zijian Shi
- , Zhensong Wan
- & Xing Fu
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-shot polarimetry of vector beams by supervised learning
The authors demonstrate a single shot polarimetry of vector beams without requiring polarization optics. They map the beam polarization content into a spatial intensity distribution and utilize supervised learning for single-shot measurements of multiple polarizations.
- Davide Pierangeli
- & Claudio Conti
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-shot ultrafast terahertz photography
The authors demonstrate a single-shot ultrafast terahertz (THz) photography system that can provide both the 2D spatial and 1D temporal imaging capabilities of ultrashort transient scenes with sub-picosecond temporal resolutions by engineering the electro-optic detection system.
- Junliang Dong
- , Pei You
- & Roberto Morandotti
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Article
| Open AccessEvanescent field trapping and propulsion of Janus particles along optical nanofibers
Manipulation of Janus particles is challenging and has limited precision. Here, the authors propose manipulation of Janus particles by optical forces in the evanescent field of an optical nanofiber, and demonstrate that they exhibit strong transverse localization on the nanofiber and much faster propulsion compared to all-dielectric particles of the same size.
- Georgiy Tkachenko
- , Viet Giang Truong
- & Síle Nic Chormaic
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Article
| Open AccessReal-time single-molecule 3D tracking in E. coli based on cross-entropy minimization
Single-molecule 3D tracking is critical to understand macromolecular dynamics but achieving this at a sub-millisecond resolution remains challenging. Here the authors present a 3D tracking method based on cross-entropy minimization and the true excitation point spread function.
- Elias Amselem
- , Bo Broadwater
- & Johan Elf
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Article
| Open AccessA general highly efficient synthesis of biocompatible rhodamine dyes and probes for live-cell multicolor nanoscopy
Rhodamines are privileged fluorescent dyes for labelling intracellular structures in living cells. Here, the authors present a facile protecting-group-free synthesis permitting generation of a wide range of symmetrical and unsymmetrical 4-carboxyrhodamines covering the whole visible spectrum.
- Jonas Bucevičius
- , Rūta Gerasimaitė
- & Gražvydas Lukinavičius
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Article
| Open AccessExtracting particle size distribution from laser speckle with a physics-enhanced autocorrelation-based estimator (PEACE)
The authors demonstrate a real-time, non-invasive, far-field optical probe to monitor particle size distribution in pharmaceutical manufacturing. It characterizes the speckle scattered from the surface using machine learning weaved into optical physics.
- Qihang Zhang
- , Janaka C. Gamekkanda
- & George Barbastathis
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| Open AccessMid-infrared single-pixel imaging at the single-photon level
The authors present an implementation of mid-infrared single-photon computational imaging with a single-element silicon detector. In addition to unique features of single-pixel simplicity and room-temperature operation, the infrared imager offers a superior sensitivity at the single-photon level.
- Yinqi Wang
- , Kun Huang
- & Heping Zeng