Nanoscale devices articles within Nature Photonics

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Time-resolved lightwave-driven scanning tunnelling spectroscopy is developed to investigate how the spin–orbit-split energy levels of a selenium vacancy within a WSe2 monolayer shift under phonon displacement. Ultrafast snapshots of the electronic tunnelling spectra reveal transient energy shifts up to 40 meV.

    • C. Roelcke
    • , L. Z. Kastner
    •  & Y. A. Gerasimenko

  • Article
    | Open Access

    An integrated high-energy laser that combines a passively Q-switched laser cavity based on a silicon-nitride photonic integrated circuit with an optically pumped gain layer consisting of thulium-doped alumina is reported, representing a pivotal advancement in integrated pulsed lasers.

    • Neetesh Singh
    • , Jan Lorenzen
    •  & Franz X. Kärtner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Detecting the vibrations of individual molecules directly in the mid-infrared regime is hindered by thermal noise. Here researchers bypass conventional detectors and upconvert the mid-infrared photons into visible light using molecular bonds, yielding an optical readout for single-molecule vibrational spectroscopy.

    • Rohit Chikkaraddy
    • , Rakesh Arul
    •  & Jeremy J. Baumberg

  • Article |

    By engineering the plasmonic response of a nanopatterned silver gate electrode, the radiative decay rate of excitons in a tungsten disulfide monolayer can be enhanced via the Purcell effect, creating high modulation efficiencies at room temperature.

    • Qitong Li
    • , Jung-Hwan Song
    •  & Mark L. Brongersma

  • Article |

    An integrated electro-optic isolator on thin-film lithium niobate enables non-reciprocal isolation by microwave-driven travelling-wave phase modulation. The isolator exhibits a maximum optical isolation of 48.0 dB at around 1,553 nm and an on-chip insertion loss of 0.5 dB.

    • Mengjie Yu
    • , Rebecca Cheng
    •  & Marko Lončar

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The dipole-dependent propagation of hybrid excitons in a van der Waals heterostructure containing a WSe2 bilayer is characterized by modulating the layer hybridization and interplay between many-body interactions of excitons with an applied vertical electric field.

    • Fedele Tagarelli
    • , Edoardo Lopriore
    •  & Andras Kis

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A continuous string of indistinguishable photons entangled in a cluster state is generated on demand from an InAs/GaAs quantum dot. The confined heavy-hole spin is used as an entangler. Under an externally tuned magnetic field, an optimized characteristic entanglement decay length of about ten photons is obtained.

    • Dan Cogan
    • , Zu-En Su
    •  & David Gershoni

  • Article |

    A chip-scale laser platform based on silicon nitride ring resonators and commercial Fabry–Pérot laser diodes is developed for the wavelength range from 404 nm to 785 nm. The achieved coarse and fine tunings are up to 12.5 nm and 33.9 GHz, respectively, with kilohertz-scale linewidths and side-mode suppression ratios above 35 dB.

    • Mateus Corato-Zanarella
    • , Andres Gil-Molina
    •  & Michal Lipson

  • Review Article |

    Nonlocal effects—in which the optical response of a system at a given spatial point depends on the field in the surrounding space—are reviewed in the context of metasurfaces and flat optics. Nonlocal flat optics may be useful for controlling light in ultra-thin platforms.

    • Kunal Shastri
    •  & Francesco Monticone

  • Article |

    Up to 100 photons are resolved by a waveguide-integrated and hybrid spatiotemporal-multiplexed superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array. Using this detector array, photon statistical behaviour for a true thermal and a coherent light source is verified.

    • Risheng Cheng
    • , Yiyu Zhou
    •  & Hong X. Tang

  • News & Views |

    Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors offer outstanding performance, but the development of large-format imaging arrays is challenging. A new approach based on sectioning a single nanowire enables an eightfold improvement of the spatial resolution and the realization of a 1,024-pixel imager.

    • Daniel F. Santavicca

  • Article |

    A photodetector responding to only circularly polarized light is developed. It has a ring-shaped form, consisting of plasmonic nanostructures on a graphene sheet. Its zero-bias responsivity and detectivity of ellipticity in the mid-infrared at room temperature are 392 V W−1 and 0.03° Hz−1/2, respectively.

    • Jingxuan Wei
    • , Yang Chen
    •  & Cheng-Wei Qiu

  • Article |

    Panuski et al. demonstrate a programmable photonic crystal cavity array, enabling the spatiotemporal control of a 64 resonator, two-dimensional spatial light modulator with nanosecond- and femtojoule-order switching.

    • Christopher L. Panuski
    • , Ian Christen
    •  & Dirk R. Englund

  • Article |

    A 1,024 pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon imager over a detection area of 403.2 μm × 403.2 μm is demonstrated by introducing an orthogonal time–amplitude-multiplexing method. The spatial resolution and average temporal resolution are 12.6 μm and 67.3 ps, respectively.

    • Ling-Dong Kong
    • , Hui Wang
    •  & Pei-Heng Wu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A Fourier-transform waveguide spectrometer is demonstrated by using HgTe-quantum-dot-based photoconductors with a spectral response up to a wavelength of 2 μm. The spectral resolution is 50 cm–1. The total active spectrometer volume is below 100 μm × 100 μm × 100 μm.

    • Matthias J. Grotevent
    • , Sergii Yakunin
    •  & Ivan Shorubalko

  • News & Views |

    Directional control of the diffusion of excitons is desired for excitonic devices, but being neutrally charged they can’t be transported by applying a bias voltage as for conventional electronic transport. It is now shown that surface acoustic waves can direct the flux of excitons over micrometre distances, even at room temperature.

    • Jorge Quereda
    •  & Andres Castellanos-Gomez

  • Article |

    Researchers exploit Rayleigh waves and associated dynamic strains to control exciton transport in the weak coupling regime at room temperature. The findings may pave the way for new types of excitonic device for applications ranging from communications to energy.

    • Kanak Datta
    • , Zhengyang Lyu
    •  & Parag B. Deotare

  • Article |

    Researchers demonstrate a microring cavity with a photonic crystal on its inside edge, which enables a simultaneous high quality factor (1,000,000) and slow light (10 times slower than for conventional whispering gallery modes). Defect modes with a high quality factor (600,000) and high localizations (20 times smaller) are also enabled.

    • Xiyuan Lu
    • , Andrew McClung
    •  & Kartik Srinivasan

  • Review Article |

    Progress on Landau level lasers—based on external magnetic field splitting of electronic states—is reviewed, with particular attention paid to the potential for tunable terahertz lasers.

    • Erich Gornik
    • , Gottfried Strasser
    •  & Karl Unterrainer

  • Article |

    Visible-spectrum silicon nitride thermo-optic phase modulators based on adiabatic micro-ring resonators with a small device footprint and low power consumption, of potential use for applications like augmented-/virtual-reality goggles, quantum information processing circuits and optogenetics, are presented.

    • Guozhen Liang
    • , Heqing Huang
    •  & Nanfang Yu

  • Article |

    Quantum photonic integrated circuits for a standalone quantum secure communication system are developed and packaged into pluggable interconnects. The system is interfaced with 100 Gb s–1 data encryptors and its performance is evaluated over 10 km to 50 km fibre links.

    • Taofiq K. Paraïso
    • , Thomas Roger
    •  & Andrew J. Shields

  • Letter |

    Quantum teleportation of a photonic qubit into mechanical modes of two silicon photonic crystal nanobeams is demonstrated. It allows to store and retrieve an arbitrary qubit state onto a dual-rail encoded long-lived optomechanical quantum memory.

    • Niccolò Fiaschi
    • , Bas Hensen
    •  & Simon Gröblacher

  • Review Article |

    Colloidal quantum dots may offer solution-processable lasers, with a wide range of colours available. Technical hurdles and progress towards realization of useful quantum dot laser diodes is reviewed.

    • Heeyoung Jung
    • , Namyoung Ahn
    •  & Victor I. Klimov

  • News & Views |

    Tunnelling currents inside plasmonic nanostructures are fast enough to gain direct access to the oscillating electric field of near-infrared and visible light, opening up exciting routes towards attosecond metrology of light–matter interaction and unique approaches to spectroscopy.

    • Nicholas Karpowicz

  • Article |

    A single-photodetector spectrometer based on black phosphorus is demonstrated in the wavelength range from 2 to 9 μm. The footprint is 9 × 16 μm2. The spectrometer is free from bulky interferometers and gratings, and is electrically reconfigurable.

    • Shaofan Yuan
    • , Doron Naveh
    •  & Fengnian Xia

  • Perspective |

    Progress in the field of quantum-photonics applications of metasurfaces is reviewed. Cutting-edge research, including the development of optical chips supporting high-dimensional quantum entanglement and advanced quantum tomography, is summarized.

    • Alexander S. Solntsev
    • , Girish S. Agarwal
    •  & Yuri S. Kivshar

  • Article |

    An on-chip, sub-optical-cycle sampling technique for measuring arbitrary electric fields of few-femtojoule near-infrared optical pulses in ambient conditions is demonstrated, offering an improvement of roughly six orders of magnitude in energy sensitivity compared with those previous works in the near-infrared.

    • Mina R. Bionta
    • , Felix Ritzkowsky
    •  & Phillip D. Keathley

  • Article |

    Photonic crystal-based optical parametric oscillators have remained elusive but have finally been demonstrated. Operating at telecom wavelengths, the source may prove particularly useful in quantum optics applications.

    • Gabriel Marty
    • , Sylvain Combrié
    •  & Alfredo De Rossi

  • Article |

    Ultrafast lightwave sampling based on scanning tunnelling microscopy is developed to resolve near fields with sub-picosecond time resolution and sub-nanometre spatial resolution. Parameter-free quantitative measurement is achieved by using a single-molecule switch.

    • D. Peller
    • , C. Roelcke
    •  & J. Repp

  • Article |

    GaAs-based terahertz quantum cascade lasers emitting around 4 THz are demonstrated up to 250 K without a magnetic field. To elevate the operation temperature, carrier leakage channels are reduced by carefully designing the quantum well structures.

    • Ali Khalatpour
    • , Andrew K. Paulsen
    •  & Qing Hu

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