News & Views |
Featured
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Review Article |
Nonreciprocal thermal photonics
This Review discusses the physics of nonreciprocal radiation and Kirchhoff’s law generalization in the context of nanophotonics-enabled nonreciprocal thermal applications.
- Shuihua Yang
- , Mengqi Liu
- & Cheng-Wei Qiu
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Meeting Report |
Quantum meets nanophotonics
Metasurfaces bring miniaturization and new avenues for the generation, manipulation and measurement of quantum light.
- David Pile
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Article |
Inverse-designed low-index-contrast structures on a silicon photonics platform for vector–matrix multiplication
Using inverse design, a 3D silicon photonics platform that can be used for the mathematical operation of vector–matrix multiplication with light is demonstrated, potentially enabling large-scale wave-based analogue computing.
- Vahid Nikkhah
- , Ali Pirmoradi
- & Nader Engheta
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Article |
A conformal mapping approach to broadband nonlinear optics on chip
Conformal transformation optics is exploited to design curved accelerating waveguides with spatially gradient curvatures to boost the nonlinear efficiency and broaden the bandwidth of the nonlinear optical processes in the waveguides.
- Chunyu Huang
- , Yu Luo
- & Hui Liu
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News & Views |
Heat-assisted nonreciprocity
One-way light transmission can be realized by embracing, rather than mitigating, thermal effects in carefully engineered metasurfaces.
- Said Rahimzadeh-Kalaleh Rodriguez
- & Sander A. Mann
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Article |
Passive bias-free non-reciprocal metasurfaces based on thermally nonlinear quasi-bound states in the continuum
Bias-free optical metasurfaces with a large non-reciprocal response for free-space radiation are discussed, based on thermo-optic nonlinearities. These ultrathin devices may lead to new approaches for areas ranging from signal processing to protection of high-power laser cavities.
- Michele Cotrufo
- , Andrea Cordaro
- & Andrea Alù
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Article |
Electrically tunable VO2–metal metasurface for mid-infrared switching, limiting and nonlinear isolation
An electrically tunable device that can work as an optical switch, an optical limiter with a tunable limiting threshold and a nonlinear optical isolator with a tunable operating range in the mid-infrared range is realized by combining a gold layer with subwavelength square slits and a layer of VO2.
- Jonathan King
- , Chenghao Wan
- & Mikhail A. Kats
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Article |
Three-dimensional nonlinear optical materials from twisted two-dimensional van der Waals interfaces
Three-dimensional nonlinear optical metamaterials are realized by directly engineering the symmetries of electronic wavefunctions at the atomic scale by stacking individual two-dimensional van der Waals interfaces into a precisely designed three-dimensional configuration.
- Bumho Kim
- , Jicheng Jin
- & Bo Zhen
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-molecule mid-infrared spectroscopy and detection through vibrationally assisted luminescence
Detecting the vibrations of individual molecules directly in the mid-infrared regime is hindered by thermal noise. Here researchers bypass conventional detectors and upconvert the mid-infrared photons into visible light using molecular bonds, yielding an optical readout for single-molecule vibrational spectroscopy.
- Rohit Chikkaraddy
- , Rakesh Arul
- & Jeremy J. Baumberg
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Article |
Sub-picosecond steering of ultrafast incoherent emission from semiconductor metasurfaces
Researchers demonstrate sub-picosecond steering of ultrafast incoherent emission from a light-emitting metasurface. The steering is achieved over a 70° range.
- Prasad P. Iyer
- , Nicholas Karl
- & Igal Brener
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Editorial |
Metasurfaces go mainstream
Early research towards bulk metamaterials and exotic properties has been supplanted by work on thin metasurfaces ripe for commercialization, as outlined in this Focus issue.
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Q&A |
Metamaterials for the masses
George Palikaras, President and CEO of Meta Materials Inc., discusses the challenges of commercializing metamaterials, learned on the path from a small start-up to a Nasdaq-listed company.
- David Pile
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Q&A |
Metasurfaces get smart
Geoffroy Lerosey, co-founder and CEO/CSO of Greenerwave, shares how tunable metasurfaces may shake up industries from automotive to wireless communications.
- David Pile
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Review Article |
Enabling smart vision with metasurfaces
Robotic and other devices often demand ever more compact and sophisticated sensors. This Review assesses the opportunities for metasurfaces to provide optical functionality solutions for such applications.
- Dragomir N. Neshev
- & Andrey E. Miroshnichenko
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Review Article |
Nonlocal flat optics
Nonlocal effects—in which the optical response of a system at a given spatial point depends on the field in the surrounding space—are reviewed in the context of metasurfaces and flat optics. Nonlocal flat optics may be useful for controlling light in ultra-thin platforms.
- Kunal Shastri
- & Francesco Monticone
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Review Article |
Advances in optical metalenses
Recent advances in optical metalenses are reviewed with a focus on their unique features and applications in the space of optical metasystems.
- Amir Arbabi
- & Andrei Faraon
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Article |
Light-sheet 3D microprinting via two-colour two-step absorption
High-speed, high-resolution optics-based printing typically requires femtosecond pulsed lasers. We demonstrate optical printing using indigo-blue laser diodes and a red continuous-wave laser, achieving a peak printing rate of 7 × 106 voxels s–1 at a voxel volume of 0.55 µm3.
- Vincent Hahn
- , Pascal Rietz
- & Martin Wegener
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News & Views |
Smoke rings of light
The ability to create complex three-dimensional structures of light has reached new heights with the experimental observation of two distinct kinds of toroidal pulses, the optical analogue of smoke rings.
- Filippo Cardano
- & Lorenzo Marrucci
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Article |
Observation of toroidal pulses of light
Pulses of light with a toroidal structure are experimentally realized in the terahertz and optical regions.
- Apostolos Zdagkas
- , Cormac McDonnell
- & Nikolay I. Zheludev
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Letter |
Asymmetric parametric generation of images with nonlinear dielectric metasurfaces
Asymmetric parametric generation of light in nonlinear metasurfaces is enabled by nonlinear dielectric resonators in translucent metasurfaces. Upon infrared illumination, different and independent visible light images are detected for ‘forwards’ versus ‘backwards’ operation.
- Sergey S. Kruk
- , Lei Wang
- & Yuri Kivshar
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News & Views |
Light control with atomically thin magnets
Weak interaction of light with matter makes its tunable control notoriously challenging, resulting in bulky and inefficient devices. Now, a study demonstrates that van der Waals antiferromagnets featuring strong spin-charge induced anisotropy could offer excellent control of light polarization selectivity.
- Haonan Ling
- & Artur R. Davoyan
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Article |
Cavity-enhanced linear dichroism in a van der Waals antiferromagnet
Researchers use spin-charge coupling and FePS3 crystals to induce large in-plane optical anisotropy and near-unity linear dichroism in the visible–near-infrared range.
- Huiqin Zhang
- , Zhuoliang Ni
- & Deep Jariwala
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Review Article |
Photonics and thermodynamics concepts in radiative cooling
This Review details the fundamental photonics and thermodynamics concepts that underlie the processes of radiative cooling, and discusses a few emerging directions associated with radiative cooling research.
- Shanhui Fan
- & Wei Li
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Article |
Electrically tunable nonlinear polaritonic metasurface
By coupling plasmonic resonators with a semiconductor heterostructure, researchers control the nonlinear response by a bias voltage, thereby enabling spectral tuning, dynamic intensity modulation and dynamic beam manipulation for second-harmonic generation.
- Jaeyeon Yu
- , Seongjin Park
- & Jongwon Lee
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Article |
Two-step absorption instead of two-photon absorption in 3D nanoprinting
As an alternative to high-resolution fabrication by two-photon absorption, researchers demonstrate a two-step absorption process that employs inexpensive light sources.
- Vincent Hahn
- , Tobias Messer
- & Martin Wegener
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Letter |
Solution-processed inorganic perovskite crystals as achromatic quarter-wave plates
Perovskite crystals of Cs4PbBr6 embedded with CsPbBr3 nanocrystals are shown to act as wideband, achromatic waveplates in the visible and near-infrared regions.
- Xiaomei Chen
- , Wen-gao Lu
- & Haizheng Zhong
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Article |
High-precision digital terahertz phase manipulation within a multichannel field perturbation coding chip
A terahertz phase modulator based on the switchable perturbation resonance in two-dimensional electron gas is demonstrated. Phase manipulation with precision ranging from 2° to 5° is obtained at frequencies in the range from 0.26 to 0.27 THz.
- Hongxin Zeng
- , Huajie Liang
- & Daniel M. Mittleman
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Letter |
A non-unitary metasurface enables continuous control of quantum photon–photon interactions from bosonic to fermionic
The use of a non-unitary metasurface enables a new degree of freedom, allowing for dynamical and continuous control over the output quantum state and the effective quantum interaction of two single photons at will.
- Quanwei Li
- , Wei Bao
- & Xiang Zhang
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Article |
Metasurface optics for on-demand polarization transformations along the optical path
Using a metasurface that allows shaping of the polarization state of a light beam independently at each point of space along its propagation direction, longitudinally variable polarization optical components are demonstrated, inspiring new directions in structured light, polarization-switchable devices and light–matter interaction.
- Ahmed H. Dorrah
- , Noah A. Rubin
- & Federico Capasso
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Article |
Plasmon-induced enhancement of ptychographic phase microscopy via sub-surface nanoaperture arrays
Plasmonics and metamaterials enable ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging with improved reconstructed phase and amplitude. The approach may be particularly useful for imaging of extremely thin or highly transparent objects.
- Eugeniu Balaur
- , Guido A. Cadenazzi
- & Brian Abbey
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Review Article |
Deep learning for the design of photonic structures
The application of deep learning to the design of photonic structures and devices is reviewed, including algorithm fundamentals.
- Wei Ma
- , Zhaocheng Liu
- & Yongmin Liu
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Article |
Tunable pseudo-magnetic fields for polaritons in strained metasurfaces
A method to tune pseudo-magnetic fields for polaritons on a strained metasurface is demonstrated.
- Charlie-Ray Mann
- , Simon A. R. Horsley
- & Eros Mariani
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News & Views |
Topology in momentum space becomes real
Using topological singular points, the topological charge of photonic crystals in momentum space is successfully transferred to optical vortex beams in real space.
- Masaya Notomi
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Article |
Generating optical vortex beams by momentum-space polarization vortices centred at bound states in the continuum
Optical vortices can be generated by applying the winding behaviour of resonances in the momentum space of a photonic crystal slab, which naturally exists and is associated with bound states in the continuum, to modify the phase front of a beam.
- Bo Wang
- , Wenzhe Liu
- & Jian Zi
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News & Views |
Metalenses go atomically thick and tunable
By utilizing exciton resonances in atomically thick semiconductors, researchers have now demonstrated the ultimate downscaling of optical lenses and reported on their efficacious electrical tunability.
- Alex Krasnok
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Letter |
Unidirectional luminescence from InGaN/GaN quantum-well metasurfaces
Exploiting two-dimensional metamaterials, the direction of emission from InGaN/GaN quantum wells is engineered while simultaneously improving quantum efficiency.
- Prasad P. Iyer
- , Ryan A. DeCrescent
- & Jon. A. Schuller
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Article |
High-purity orbital angular momentum states from a visible metasurface laser
A metasurface laser generates orbital angular momentum states with quantum numbers reaching ℓ = 100. Simultaneous output vortex beams, with Δℓ as great as 90, are demonstrated in the visible regime.
- Hend Sroor
- , Yao-Wei Huang
- & Andrew Forbes
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Article |
Exciton resonance tuning of an atomically thin lens
By harnessing the excitonic resonances of a monolayer of WS2 in the visible spectral range, large-area, actively tunable and atomically thin optical lenses can be realized.
- Jorik van de Groep
- , Jung-Hwan Song
- & Mark L. Brongersma
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Article |
Deep-learning-enabled self-adaptive microwave cloak without human intervention
A deep-learning-enabled metasurface cloak actively self-adapts to take into account changing microwave illumination and varying physical surroundings.
- Chao Qian
- , Bin Zheng
- & Hongsheng Chen
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Meeting Report |
Photonics from afar
Registration fees, travel costs and visas, and time away from home and the lab, are all factors that can make attending scientific meetings in person difficult. Can online conferences provide a solution?
- David Pile
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Article |
Flat optics for image differentiation
Vertical integration of a metalens to realize compound nanophotonic systems for optical analog image processing is realized, significantly reducing the size and complexity of conventional optical systems.
- You Zhou
- , Hanyu Zheng
- & Jason Valentine
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News & Views |
Scaling down quantitative phase imaging
Quantitative phase gradient images can now be captured in a single shot thanks to the use of two layers of compact, multifunctional dielectric metasurfaces.
- YoonSeok Baek
- & YongKeun Park
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Article |
Higher-order topological states in photonic kagome crystals with long-range interactions
One- and zero-dimensional optical states are revealed in photonic higher-order topological insulators.
- Mengyao Li
- , Dmitry Zhirihin
- & Alexander B. Khanikaev
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News & Views |
A wavelength-size tunable Fabry–Pérot laser
A wavelength-size laser cavity with a movable end mirror enables single-mode operation and 25% fractional tuning of a terahertz quantum cascade laser.
- Nathan Jukam