Immunopathogenesis articles within Nature Reviews Endocrinology

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• News & Views | 12 February 2020

  A predictive CD8⁺ T cell phenotype for T1DM progression

  In a cross-sectional study of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, those who were designated to be slow disease progressors had an increased proportion of autoreactive, islet-specific CD8⁺ T cells expressing an ‘exhausted’ phenotype. By contrast, rapid disease progressors had increased numbers of islet-specific CD8⁺ T cells with a transitional memory phenotype.

  • F. Susan Wong
  •  & Li Wen

• Review Article | 11 August 2017

  Adapting to obesity with adipose tissue inflammation

  Adipose tissue inflammation is an adaptive response to overnutrition in the early stages of obesity, but later becomes maladaptive. Here, Reilly and Saltiel review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of obesity-induced inflammation in adipose tissue and discuss potential therapeutic approaches.

  • Shannon M. Reilly
  •  & Alan R. Saltiel

• Review Article | 31 March 2015

  Hypothalamic innate immune reaction in obesity

  Obesity is associated with inflammatory responses in the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, which could open up new therapeutic targets. This Review will discuss the innate immune response in the hypothalamic neuron–glial circuit to obesity and associated metabolic disorders and propose corresponding strategies for treating obesity.

  • Stefanie Kälin
  • , Frank L. Heppner
  •  & Chun-Xia Yi

• Review Article | 06 January 2015

  TSH-receptor-expressing fibrocytes and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

  Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an orbital manifestation of Graves disease. The pathogenesis of TAO is still not well understood and effective therapies for TAO are lacking. Here, Terry Smith reviews the processes that underlie autoimmunity and inflammation in the orbit of patients with TAO, with a focus on the role of infiltrating fibrocytes expressing the TSH receptor. Therapeutic implications are also discussed.

  • Terry J. Smith

• Research Highlight | 15 January 2013

  Innate cell crosstalk in T1DM

  • Carol Wilson

• Review Article | 27 November 2012

  Gonadal steroids and humoral immunity

  Advances in understanding of B-lymphocyte maturation and immune tolerance are yielding new insight into the influence of gonadal steroids on the humoral immune system. Kovacs and colleagues examine how oestrogens and androgens directly and indirectly modulate B-lymphocyte development and function, focusing on B lymphopoiesis, elimination of autoreactive B-cell clones, and generation of high-affinity, class-switched, immunoglobulin-producing B cells.

  • Sanaz Sakiani
  • , Nancy J. Olsen
  •  & William J. Kovacs

• Review Article | 31 July 2012

  Adaptive immunity in obesity and insulin resistance

  Obesity is a key feature of the metabolic syndrome and increased adiposity has been associated with inflammation in the visceral compartment. In this Review, the authors describe inflammatory processes that occur in adipose tissue, focussing on how adaptive immune system cells promote inflammation.

  • Henrike Sell
  • , Christiane Habich
  •  & Juergen Eckel

• Review Article | 31 January 2012

  Autoimmune Addison disease: pathophysiology and genetic complexity

  Autoimmune Addison disease (AAD) is an inherited endocrine disorder, but its rarity has made it difficult to determine the genetic basis of the disease. This Review explores the pathogenesis of AAD and the genetic architecture underlying the disease, based on evidence from studies in humans and in certain dog breeds that are susceptible to a form of AAD with similarities to the condition that develops in man.

  • Anna L. Mitchell
  •  & Simon H. S. Pearce