Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • News & Views
  • Published:

Nutrition

Searching for the immunological basis of wheat sensitivity

A new study has advanced our knowledge on the pathogenesis of noncoeliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS), implicating the activation of innate immunity markers and immunological mechanisms at the basis of NCWS. However, limitations in the design of studies performed in this field will need addressing to help identify the root cause of NCWS.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

References

  1. Uhde, M. et al. Intestinal cell damage and systemic immune activation in individuals reporting sensitivity to wheat in the absence of coeliac disease. Gut http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-311964 (2016).

  2. Carroccio, A. et al. Non-celiac wheat sensitivity is a more appropriate label than non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Gastroenterology 146, 320–321 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Catassi, C. et al. Diagnosis of non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS): the Salerno experts' criteria. Nutrients 7, 4966–4977 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Biesiekierski, J. R. et al. No effects of gluten in patients with self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity after dietary reduction of fermentable, poorly absorbed, short-chain carbohydrates. Gastroenterology 145, 320–328 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. McIntosh, K. et al. FODMAPs alter symptoms and the metabolome of patients with IBS: a randomised controlled trial. Gut http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2015-311339 (2016).

  6. Fritscher-Ravens, A. et al. Confocal endomicroscopy shows food-associated changes in the intestinal mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 147, 1012–1020 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Vazquez–Roque, M. et al. A controlled trial of gluten-free diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea: effects on bowel frequency and intestinal function. Gastroenterology 144, 903–911 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Carroccio, A. et al. Non-celiac wheat sensitivity as an allergic condition: personal experience and narrative review. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 108, 1845–1852 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Molina-Infante, J. & Carroccio, A. Suspected non-celiac gluten sensitivity confirmed in few patients after gluten challenge in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2016.08.007 (2016).

  10. Schuppan, D. et al. Non-celiac wheat sensitivity: differential diagnosis, triggers and implications. Best ract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. 29, 469–476 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio Carroccio.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The author declares no competing financial interests.

Supplementary information

Supplementary information S1 (table)

Studies demonstrating an activation of immunological mechanisms in patients with noncoeliac wheat sensitivity. (PDF 151 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Carroccio, A. Searching for the immunological basis of wheat sensitivity. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 13, 628–630 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2016.153

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2016.153

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing