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Naive T cells differentiate into memory subsets upon exposure to their cognate foreign antigen. However, before such encounters, some naive T cells are 'imprinted' through their interactions with self targets.
Phosphorylation of the adhesion molecule VE-cadherin at tyrosine residues modulates the opening of endothelial junctions during inflammatory reactions. The replacement of two distinct residues in VE-cadherin shows that Tyr685 regulates vascular permeability and Tyr731 regulates leukocyte diapedesis in vivo.
The viability of long-lived plasma cells is enhanced by the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, which relieves endoplasmic reticulum stress by triggering a response dependent on cGMP and protein kinase G.
Progress in understanding the multifaceted biology of B cells and their multiple contributions to autoimmunity is providing productive understanding of disease pathogenesis and is leading to novel strategies for therapeutic intervention.
In addition to its canonical role in reverse cholesterol transport, high-density lipoprotein can suppress inflammation in target cells through the induction of Atf3, which encodes a well-known transcriptional repressor.
Gene-expression signatures of the human vaccine response can be complex and noisy. Li et al. develop a new collection of gene-expression modules and use it to compare the response to five different vaccines.
Love and colleagues review the limitations of bulk measurements for monitoring the immune system and explore advances in single-cell technologies that overcome these problems.
