The Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa contains extraordinary amounts of gold. Thermodynamic calculations suggest that the gold may have accumulated there in response to a perfect storm of conditions available only during the Archaean.
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Gaillard, F., Copard, Y. Gold buried by oxygen. Nature Geosci 8, 170–171 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2347
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2347