Table of contents
Volume 420 Number 6914 pp3-445
In this issue (28 November 2002)
Naturejobs
ProspectsClearing your own path p3
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj6914-03a
Careers and Recruitment
Groundbreaking research p4
An increasing emphasis on immunology offers fresh opportunities, but they may be tilted towards applied research and the United States, says Virginia Gewin.
Viginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj6914-04a
Back to basics p7
The new Center for Allergy and Immunology aims to give Japanese immunology a fresh perspective — and better working conditions for young scientists, says Robert Triendl.
Robert Triendl
doi:10.1038/nj6914-07a
Opinion
Fighting malaria from the front p345
Too much of malaria research is piecemeal, and the organizations that are supposed to support it are insufficiently effective. Better focusing could yield more funds.
doi:10.1038/420345a
Postdoctoral abuse (cont.) p345
The failure to provide appropriate career structures for young scientists persists.
doi:10.1038/420345b
News
Ecological riches threatened as oil-spill history repeats itself p347
Monica Salomone
doi:10.1038/420347a
Japan ponders steps to probe data errors p348
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/420348a
Maths adds up for Berlin centre p348
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/420348b
Visa clampdown hits home at US universities p349
Kendall Powell
doi:10.1038/420349a
Britain failing to bar risky students p349
Natasha McDowell
doi:10.1038/420349b
Manchester merger set to proceed as southerners go solo p350
David Adam
doi:10.1038/420350a
Venter aims for maximum impact with minimal genome p350
Erika Check
doi:10.1038/420350b
Malaria initiative cries out for action in Africa p351
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/420351a
news feature
Scientific wagers: Wanna bet? p354
Scientific wagers have a long and colourful history. Are they just harmless fun, or can they help to frame and clarify important issues? Jim Giles surveys the odds.
Jim Giles
doi:10.1038/420354a
Grand Canyon: Open the floodgates! p356
Hydrologists are gearing up for a second attempt to restore the altered environment of the Grand Canyon, by letting the Colorado River run free. Kendall Powell discovers the lessons learned from the first, fruitless flood.
Kendall Powell
doi:10.1038/420356a
Correspondence
Could a college merger close the transatlantic gap? p359
Why UCL, home of Britain's most-cited scientists, should merge with third-place Imperial.
Raj Persaud
doi:10.1038/420359a
Unforeseen growth of academic astrology p359
Dylan Evans
doi:10.1038/420359b
DNA database could end problem of identity fraud p359
Martin Evison
doi:10.1038/420359c
Caption confusion p359
Jean-Paul Schiepers
doi:10.1038/420359d
Book Reviews
No more moa p361
Human activities depleted much of New Zealand's fauna. Let it be a warning.
Stuart Pimm reviews The Lost World of the Moa: Prehistoric Life of New Zealand by Trevor H. Worthy and Richard N. Holdaway
doi:10.1038/420361a
Weird notions that drive science p362
Marc Kamionkowski reviews Strange Matters: Undiscovered Ideas at the Frontiers of Space and Time by Tom Siegfried
doi:10.1038/420362a
High noon at the meridian p362
doi:10.1038/420362b
A social activist in genetics p363
Ute Deichmann reviews Making Genes, Making Waves: A Social Activist in Science by Jon Beckwith
doi:10.1038/420363a
Science in culture p364
Martin Kemp reviews
doi:10.1038/420364a
News and Views
Human genetics: Mystery of the mutagenic male p365
Old fathers are the source of more genetic mutations in their offspring than either young fathers or mothers of any age. But the apparently most plausible explanation for this effect might not hold.
Laurence D. Hurst and Hans Ellegren
doi:10.1038/420365a
Earth science: Through the wringer p366
Potentially huge amounts of water could be carried deep within the Earth by subducting oceanic crust. But it seems that most of that water is released, fuelling volcanism above subduction zones.
William M. White
doi:10.1038/420366a
Virus evolution: The importance of being erroneous p367
Viruses must mutate to survive in the face of attack by their host's immune system. A new model suggests that the viral mutation rate is optimized in an evolutionary trade-off between adaptability and genomic integrity.
Sebastian Bonhoeffer and Paul Sniegowski
doi:10.1038/420367a
Plant biology: Fixation with regulation p369
A gene has been isolated that controls the number of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules in legumes. Its similarity to a well-characterized regulatory gene in Arabidopsis provides clues about its action.
J. Allan Downie and Martin Parniske
doi:10.1038/420369a
100 and 50 years ago p369
doi:10.1038/420369b
HIV: Bad news for stop–start therapy? p371
An HIV-infected patient who was being treated with anti-retroviral drugs in a 'stop–start' protocol has become infected with a second HIV strain, raising questions about both the treatment strategy and vaccine development.
Andrew J. McMichael and Sarah L. Rowland-Jones
doi:10.1038/420371a
Circadian rhythms: The cancer connection p373
The Per2 gene is a core component of the circadian clock in mammals. It now seems that the mouse Per2 gene is also involved in suppressing tumours, through other genes that affect cell proliferation and death.
Michael Rosbash and Joseph S. Takahashi
doi:10.1038/420373a
Applied physics: Strong magnets by self-assembly p374
Newly developed nanomaterials are proving useful in many fields, but materials that make strong permanent magnets are difficult to devise. Progress has been made using a self-assembled mixture of nanoparticles.
David J. Sellmyer
doi:10.1038/420374a
Neuroscience: How neurons compute direction p375
Certain retinal neurons fire specifically in response to stimuli moving in one direction. This apparently occurs when branches of an upstream nerve cell respond asymmetrically, and link asymmetrically to the firing retinal neuron.
Peter Sterling
doi:10.1038/420375a
Brief Communications
Senescence: Rapid and costly ageing in wild male flies p377
Short-lived insects surprisingly still suffer senescence under natural conditions.
Russell Bonduriansky and Chad E. Brassil
doi:10.1038/420377a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (43K)
Thin dielectric films: Uncorrelated breakdown of integrated circuits p378
Muhammad A. Alam, R. Kent Smith, Bonnie E. Weir and Paul J. Silverman
doi:10.1038/420378a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (92K)
Review
Respiration in the open ocean p379
Paul A. del Giorgio and Carlos M. Duarte
doi:10.1038/nature01165
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (124K)
Article
Recycled dehydrated lithosphere observed in plume-influenced mid-ocean-ridge basalt p385
Jacqueline Eaby Dixon, Loretta Leist, Charles Langmuir and Jean-Guy Schilling
doi:10.1038/nature01215
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (228K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by White
Letters to Nature
Downward pumping of magnetic flux as the cause of filamentary structures in sunspot penumbrae p390
John H. Thomas, Nigel O. Weiss, Steven M. Tobias and Nicholas H. Brummell
doi:10.1038/nature01174
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (831K)
High brightness electron beam from a multi-walled carbon nanotube p393
Niels de Jonge, Yann Lamy, Koen Schoots and Tjerk H. Oosterkamp
doi:10.1038/nature01233
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (310K)
Exchange-coupled nanocomposite magnets by nanoparticle self-assembly p395
Hao Zeng, Jing Li, J. P. Liu, Zhong L. Wang and Shouheng Sun
doi:10.1038/nature01208
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (329K)
See also: News and Views by Sellmyer
Active transport of Ca2+ by an artificial photosynthetic membrane p398
Ira M. Bennett, Hebe M. Vanegas Farfano, Federica Bogani, Alex Primak, Paul A. Liddell, Luis Otero, Leonides Sereno, Juana J. Silber, Ana L. Moore, Thomas A. Moore and Devens Gust
doi:10.1038/nature01209
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (221K)
Climate change in the North Pacific region over the past three centuries p401
G. W. K. Moore, Gerald Holdsworth and Keith Alverson
doi:10.1038/nature01229
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (519K)
Altered performance of forest pests under atmospheres enriched by CO2 and O3 p403
Kevin E. Percy, Caroline S. Awmack, Richard L. Lindroth, Mark E. Kubiske, Brian J. Kopper, J. G. Isebrands, Kurt S. Pregitzer, George R. Hendrey, Richard E. Dickson, Donald R. Zak, Elina Oksanen, Jaak Sober, Richard Harrington and David F. Karnosky
doi:10.1038/nature01028
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (448K)
Genetic mechanisms of floral trait correlations in a natural population p407
Jeffrey K. Conner
doi:10.1038/nature01105
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (202K)
Mechanisms and circuitry underlying directional selectivity in the retina p411
Shelley I. Fried, Thomas A. Münch and Frank S. Werblin
doi:10.1038/nature01179
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (580K)
See also: News and Views by Sterling
Multiple forms of synaptic plasticity triggered by selective suppression of activity in individual neurons p414
Juan Burrone, Michael O'Byrne and Venkatesh N. Murthy
doi:10.1038/nature01242
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (347K) | Supplementary information
Functional improvement of dystrophic muscle by myostatin blockade p418
Sasha Bogdanovich, Thomas O. B. Krag, Elisabeth R. Barton, Linda D. Morris, Lisa-Anne Whittemore, Rexford S. Ahima and Tejvir S. Khurana
doi:10.1038/nature01154
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (334K)
Shoot control of root development and nodulation is mediated by a receptor-like kinase p422
Lene Krusell, Lene H. Madsen, Shusei Sato, Grégoire Aubert, Aratz Genua, Krzysztof Szczyglowski, Gérard Duc, Takakazu Kaneko, Satoshi Tabata, Frans de Bruijn, Eloisa Pajuelo, Niels Sandal and Jens Stougaard
doi:10.1038/nature01207
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (461K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Downie & Parniske
HAR1 mediates systemic regulation of symbiotic organ development p426
Rieko Nishimura, Masaki Hayashi, Guo-Jiang Wu, Hiroshi Kouchi, Haruko Imaizumi-Anraku, Yasuhiro Murakami, Shinji Kawasaki, Shoichiro Akao, Masayuki Ohmori, Mamoru Nagasawa, Kyuya Harada and Masayoshi Kawaguchi
doi:10.1038/nature01231
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (229K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Downie & Parniske
Self-recognition promotes the foreign antigen sensitivity of naive T lymphocytes p429
Irena Stefanová, Jeffrey R. Dorfman and Ronald N. Germain
doi:10.1038/nature01146
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (432K) | Supplementary information
HIV-1 superinfection despite broad CD8+ T-cell responses containing replication of the primary virus p434
Marcus Altfeld, Todd M. Allen, Xu G. Yu, Mary N. Johnston, Deepak Agrawal, Bette T. Korber, David C. Montefiori, David H. O'Connor, Ben T. Davis, Paul K. Lee, Erica L. Maier, Jason Harlow, Philip J. R. Goulder, Christian Brander, Eric S. Rosenberg and Bruce D. Walker
doi:10.1038/nature01200
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (524K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by McMichael & Rowland-Jones
TRF2 associates with DREF and directs promoter-selective gene expression in Drosophila p439
Andreas Hochheimer, Sharleen Zhou, Shuang Zheng, Michael C. Holmes and Robert Tjian
doi:10.1038/nature01167
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (418K) | Supplementary information
erratum: Patched acts catalytically to suppress the activity of Smoothened p445
J. Taipale, M. K. Cooper, T. Maiti and P. A. Beachy
doi:10.1038/nature01186
erratum: The prolyl isomerase Pin1 is a regulator of p53 in genotoxic response p445
Hongwu Zheng, Han You, Xiao Zhen Zhou, Stephen A. Murray, Takafumi Uchida, Gerburg Wult, Ling Gu, Xiaoren Tang, Kun Ping Lu and Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
doi:10.1038/nature01220
