Cell https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.12.039 (2019)
Mouse γδ T cells seed the intestine early in life and persist as intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IELs). In Cell, Jabri and colleagues show that a population of NKp46–IFN-γ+Vγ1+ IELs accumulates in the small intestine of patients with celiac disease (CeD), but not those on a gluten-free diet, at the expense of the innate-like, cytotoxic NKp46+NKp44+Vγ1+ IELs found in healthy control subjects. NKp46–Vγ1+ IELs from patients with CeD have a transcriptional program distinct from that of NKp46+Vγ1+ IELs from healthy subjects, irrespective of adherence to a gluten-free diet. Vγ1+ IELs from healthy subjects show enrichment for transcripts encoding the TCR γ-chain variable region 4, express genes encoding molecules associated with tissue repair and are reactive to the butyrophilin-like molecules BTNL3 and BTNL8, while NKp46–Vγ1+ IELs from patients with CeD lack all those characteristics, even after restauration of expression of BTNL3 and BTNL8 in patients on a gluten-free diet. Thus, gluten-induced inflammation remodels the Vγ1+ IEL compartment, with consequences for tissue pathology.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Visan, I. Inflammation-induced remodeling. Nat Immunol 20, 377 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0364-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0364-7