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Lakes as model systems for understanding global change

Research using lakes and ponds as model systems contributes both to addressing the freshwater biodiversity crisis and developing general theories and frameworks for understanding how biological systems respond to climate change and other anthropogenic stressors.

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Fig. 1: Reductionist and emergent representations of lake and pond ecosystems.
Fig. 2: Schematic of multiple stressors and ecological services common to lakes and ponds.

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Correspondence to Charlie J. G. Loewen.

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Loewen, C.J.G. Lakes as model systems for understanding global change. Nat. Clim. Chang. 13, 304–306 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01624-5

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