Reward articles within Nature

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Initial dopamine self-stimulations reinforced not only the stimulation-producing target action, but also actions similar to the target action and actions that occurred a few seconds before stimulation, and repeated pairings led to a gradual refinement of the behavioural repertoire to home in on the target actions.

    • Jonathan C. Y. Tang
    • , Vitor Paixao
    •  & Rui M. Costa

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In Drosophila, a subpopulation of reward-encoding dopaminergic neurons antagonizes punishment-encoding neurons and can override punishment or hunger cues in favour of reward-seeking behaviour.

    • Kristijan D. Jovanoski
    • , Lucille Duquenoy
    •  & Scott Waddell

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Photometric recordings and optogenetic manipulation show that dopamine fluctuations in the dorsolateral striatum in mice modulate the use, sequencing and vigour of behavioural modules during spontaneous behaviour.

    • Jeffrey E. Markowitz
    • , Winthrop F. Gillis
    •  & Sandeep Robert Datta

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Analysis of data collected from mice learning a trace conditioning paradigm shows that phasic dopamine activity in the brain can regulate direct learning of behavioural policies, and dopamine sets an adaptive learning rate rather than an error-like teaching signal.

    • Luke T. Coddington
    • , Sarah E. Lindo
    •  & Joshua T. Dudman

  • Article |

    Neural recording and closed-loop manipulation during chronic stress in mice reveal causal links between dopamine, behavior and resilience.

    • Lindsay Willmore
    • , Courtney Cameron
    •  & Annegret L. Falkner

  • Article |

    Experiments in mice show that although ketamine has positive reinforcement properties, which are driven by its action on the dopamine system, it does not induce the synaptic plasticity that is typically observed with addiction.

    • Linda D. Simmler
    • , Yue Li
    •  & Christian Lüscher

  • Article |

    Noradrenaline-expressing neurons in the locus coeruleus in mouse facilitate task execution and encode reinforcement in learning tasks, via partially modular projections to the cortex.

    • Vincent Breton-Provencher
    • , Gabrielle T. Drummond
    •  & Mriganka Sur

  • Article |

    Activity in anterior deep cerebellar nuclei reduces food consumption in mice without reducing metabolic rate, potentially identifying a therapeutic target for disorders involving excessive eating.

    • Aloysius Y. T. Low
    • , Nitsan Goldstein
    •  & J. Nicholas Betley

  • Article |

    In response to food cues, a hypothalamic circuit in the mouse brain transiently inhibits neurons expressing agouti-related peptide, and this promotes learning of cue-initiated food-seeking tasks.

    • Janet Berrios
    • , Chia Li
    •  & Bradford B. Lowell

  • Article |

    The net PKA activities in each class of spiny projection neuron in the nucleus accumbens of the mouse are dichotomously modulated by asynchronous positive and negative dopamine signals during different phases of learning.

    • Suk Joon Lee
    • , Bart Lodder
    •  & Bernardo L. Sabatini

  • Article |

    Molecular and functional magnetic resonance imaging in the rat reveals distinct neuromodulatory effects of striatal dopamine that extend beyond peak release sites and activate remote neural populations necessary for performing motivated actions.

    • Nan Li
    •  & Alan Jasanoff

  • Article |

    Analyses of single-cell recordings from mouse ventral tegmental area are consistent with a model of reinforcement learning in which the brain represents possible future rewards not as a single mean of stochastic outcomes, as in the canonical model, but instead as a probability distribution.

    • Will Dabney
    • , Zeb Kurth-Nelson
    •  & Matthew Botvinick

  • Article |

    The transcription factor TCF7L2 mediates two important responses to nicotine in the medial habenula region of the rodent brain: aversion to nicotine, and regulation of blood sugar levels through a polysynaptic habenula–pancreas circuit.

    • Alexander Duncan
    • , Mary P. Heyer
    •  & Paul J. Kenny

  • Article |

    Starting from zero knowledge and without human data, AlphaGo Zero was able to teach itself to play Go and to develop novel strategies that provide new insights into the oldest of games.

    • David Silver
    • , Julian Schrittwieser
    •  & Demis Hassabis

  • Letter |

    A sizable fraction of granule cells convey information about the expectation of reward, with different populations responding to reward delivery, anticipation and omission, with some responses evolving over time with learning.

    • Mark J. Wagner
    • , Tony Hyun Kim
    •  & Liqun Luo

  • Review Article |

    A review into the complex effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dopamine system, examining data from animal and human studies and discussing the necessary future direction of research.

    • Michael A. P. Bloomfield
    • , Abhishekh H. Ashok
    •  & Oliver D. Howes

  • Letter |

    In mice, glutamatergic globus pallidus neurons projecting to the lateral habenula (GPh neurons) bi-directionally encode positive and negative prediction error signals that are critical for outcome evaluation and are driven by a subset of basal ganglia circuits.

    • Marcus Stephenson-Jones
    • , Kai Yu
    •  & Bo Li

  • Letter |

    Neurons in the basolateral amygdala projecting to canonical fear or reward circuits undergo opposing changes in synaptic strength following fear or reward conditioning, and selectively activating these projection-target-defined neural populations causes either negative or positive reinforcement, respectively.

    • Praneeth Namburi
    • , Anna Beyeler
    •  & Kay M. Tye

  • Letter |

    A group of dopamine neurons that are distinct from those mediating aversive reinforcement is found to signal sugar reward in the fly brain, highlighting the evolutionarily conserved function of dopamine neurons in reward processing.

    • Chang Liu
    • , Pierre-Yves Plaçais
    •  & Hiromu Tanimoto

  • News & Views |

    How does the brain couple a fleeting sensory input to a delayed reward during learning? A study in locusts shows that coincident firing of neurons can 'mark' a neuronal connection for later modulation. See Article p.47

    • Timothy E. Holy

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