Quantum fluids and solids articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    3He behaves like a Fermi liquid but only at very low temperatures. Here the authors re-examine thermal transport data, arguing that the breakdown of the Fermi liquid occurs when the scattering time falls below the Planckian time and suggesting that heat is partially carried by a collective hydrodynamic sound mode.

    • Kamran Behnia
    •  & Kostya Trachenko

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Metallic systems in magnetic fields enter the quantum limit when the cyclotron energy exceeds the Fermi energy. Here the authors introduce the analogue of the quantum limit for insulators, where the Zeeman energy exceeds the cyclotron energy, and show that it explains key features of the Kondo insulator YbB12.

    • Christopher A. Mizzi
    • , Satya K. Kushwaha
    •  & Neil Harrison

  • Article
    | Open Access

    When imbibed in an anisotropic silica aerogel, superfluid 3He undergoes a temperature-driven “orbital flop" transition, where the orbital quantization axis rotates by 90 degrees. Here, by simulating planar and nematic aerogel, M. D. Nguyen et al. show that the orbital flop transition is driven by the distinct large- and small-scale structures of the aerogel.

    • M. D. Nguyen
    • , Joshua Simon
    •  & W. P. Halperin

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers offer a novel platform for studying correlated electron-hole fluids. Here the authors use optical spectroscopy to probe thermodynamic properties of coupled electron-hole states in MoSe2/hBN/WSe2 heterostructures, providing evidence for an excitonic insulator ground state.

    • Ruishi Qi
    • , Andrew Y. Joe
    •  & Feng Wang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    It has been suggested that the strange metal phase in cuprates stems from a quantum critical point slightly above optimal doping. By resonant x-ray scattering in two cuprate families in a wide doping range, Arpaia et al. show that charge density fluctuations could be associated with this quantum critical point.

    • Riccardo Arpaia
    • , Leonardo Martinelli
    •  & Giacomo Ghiringhelli

  • Article
    | Open Access

    High-temperature behaviour of thermopower is special in cuprates, allowing for theory-experiment comparisons. Wang et al. use quantum Monte Carlo to compute high temperature thermopower in the Hubbard model, demonstrating qualitative and quantitative agreement with experiments across multiple cuprate families.

    • Wen O. Wang
    • , Jixun K. Ding
    •  & Thomas P. Devereaux

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Recently topological phases have been generalized to amorphous materials, but demonstrations have been limited to non-interacting particles. Cassella et al. show the emergence of chiral amorphous quantum spin liquid in an exactly soluble model by extending the Kitaev honeycomb model to random lattices.

    • G. Cassella
    • , P. d’Ornellas
    •  & J. Knolle

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Moire bilayers support quantum spin Hall (QSH) and quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) states, but a unified explanation is missing. Mai et al. show that by including interactions in typical models, the QSH state shifts from 1/2 to 1/4 filling and gives way to the QAH state at low temperature.

    • Peizhi Mai
    • , Jinchao Zhao
    •  & Philip W. Phillips

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Early theoretical work predicted that fluctuations above the superfluid transition in liquid 3He should be observable in viscosity. Baten et al. document the reduction of the viscosity due to fluctuations, by monitoring the quality factor of a resonator immersed in 3He as a function of pressure and temperature.

    • Rakin N. Baten
    • , Yefan Tian
    •  & Jeevak M. Parpia

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Rydberg atom arrays are a promising platform for simulating many-body systems. The authors introduce a tensor-network method to compute phase diagrams of infinite arrays with long-range interactions and experimental-scale finite arrays, unveiling a new entangled phase and offering a guide for experiments.

    • Matthew J. O’Rourke
    •  & Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    An Alice ring is related to the unusual topology of the monopole field and its decay. Here the authors demonstrate a topological monopole defect in the form of an Alice ring using gaseous Bose–Einstein condensates of 87Rb atoms.

    • Alina Blinova
    • , Roberto Zamora-Zamora
    •  & David S. Hall

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Anderson’s theorem states that superconductivity in a conventional superconductor is robust to non-magnetic disorder. Here, the authors demonstrate the protection of Cooper pairs by the extended Anderson theorem in the polar phase of superfluid helium-a spin-triplet superconductor analogue.

    • T. Kamppinen
    • , J. Rysti
    •  & V. B. Eltsov

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Recent experiments on the dynamical charge response of strange metals reveal unusual features such as momentum-independent continuum of excitations and unconventional plasmon decay. Here the authors present a phenomenological theory based on the analogy to classical fluids near a jamming-like transition.

    • Stephen J. Thornton
    • , Danilo B. Liarte
    •  & Debanjan Chowdhury

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Removing excess energy (cooling) and reducing noise in superconducting quantum circuits is central to improved coherence. Lucas et al. demonstrate cooling of a superconducting resonator and its noisy environment to sub-mK temperatures by immersion in liquid 3He.

    • M. Lucas
    • , A. V. Danilov
    •  & S. E. de Graaf

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Bound-states-in-the-continuum (BICs) display unique features like symmetry protection from dissipation, long lifetimes and topological charges. Here the authors demonstrate anisotropic Bogoliubov excitation spectrum of polariton condensate from a BIC using a patterned semiconductor GaAs/AlGaAs waveguide.

    • Anna Grudinina
    • , Maria Efthymiou-Tsironi
    •  & Nina Voronova

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Low-energy excitations of strongly correlated systems are described by the Tomonaga–Luttinger liquid theory. Here the authors employ Bragg spectroscopy to demonstrate a spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid in 6Li atoms using charge and spin excitations.

    • Danyel Cavazos-Cavazos
    • , Ruwan Senaratne
    •  & Randall G. Hulet

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Some materials can display magnetic order despite having spin-singlet ground state on individual magnetic sites. This arises due to exchange interactions mixing excited crystal electric field states. Here, Gao et al study and example of such a system, Ni2Mo3O8, and find that crystal electric field states in both the paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic states exhibit dispersive excitations.

    • Bin Gao
    • , Tong Chen
    •  & Pengcheng Dai

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The Mott insulator κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3 has been a strong candidate for a gapless quantum spin liquid, but recent experiments suggested a spin-gapped phase below 6 K. Pustogow et al. study the entropy of this phase by driving the system through the metal-insulator transition with a strain engineering approach.

    • A. Pustogow
    • , Y. Kawasugi
    •  & N. Tajima

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The A–B transition in superfluid 3He is a pure experimental model system to study first-order phase transitions in the early Universe. Tian et al. observe the path dependence of the supercooling of the A phase in a wide parameter range and provide explanations for the heterogeneous nucleation of the B phase.

    • Y. Tian
    • , D. Lotnyk
    •  & J. M. Parpia

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Lead halide perovskites have recently emerged as a promising platform for the study of polariton superfluidity at room temperature. Here the authors report a complete set of quantum fluid phase transitions in both 1D and 2D homogeneous single crystals of CsPbBr3.

    • Kai Peng
    • , Renjie Tao
    •  & Wei Bao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Frustration-induced dimensional reduction is manifested in lower dimensionality of magnetic correlations compared to that of the magnetic structure. Here the authors demonstrate the role of the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in the recently synthesized material Ca3ReO5Cl2 exhibiting dimensional reduction.

    • S. A. Zvyagin
    • , A. N. Ponomaryov
    •  & K. Kindo

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Studies of twisted bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides have so far focused only on those containing group-VI metals. Here, the authors predict that twisted bilayers of ZrS2, with the group-IV metal Zr, form an emergent moiré Kagome lattice with a uniquely strong spin-orbit coupling, leading to quantum-anomalous-Hall and fractional-Chern-insulating states.

    • Martin Claassen
    • , Lede Xian
    •  & Angel Rubio

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ordinary vortex line defects are well-studied across different physical systems. Here the authors demonstrate, in atomic spinor Bose–Einstein condensates, previously unobserved vortex line defects with discrete polytope symmetries, which are of interest to quantum information applications.

    • Y. Xiao
    • , M. O. Borgh
    •  & D. S. Hall

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Recently, material realizations of the spin 3/2 Kitaev honeycomb model have been proposed, but the model has not been solved by either analytical or numerical methods. Here the authors report exact results for the spin 3/2 model consistent with numerical simulations, and find gapped and gapless quantum spin liquids.

    • Hui-Ke Jin
    • , W. M. H. Natori
    •  & J. Knolle

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Engineered spin-orbit coupling can induce novel quantum phases in a Bose-Einstein condensate, however such demonstrations have been limited to cold atom systems. Here the authors realize a exciton-polarion condensate with tunable spin-orbit coupling in a liquid crystal microcavity at room temperature.

    • Yao Li
    • , Xuekai Ma
    •  & Tingge Gao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Helium isotopes are interesting platforms for testing the quantum properties of fluids. Here the authors demonstrate quantum one-dimensional behaviour of helium (4He) confined in nanopores by using neutron scattering.

    • Adrian Del Maestro
    • , Nathan S. Nichols
    •  & Paul E. Sokol

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Recent work has reported a realization of a time crystal in the form of the Bose-Einstein condensate of magnons in superfluid 3He. Here, the authors study the dynamics of a pair of such quantum time crystals and show that it closely resembles the evolution of a two-level system, modified by nonlinear feedback.

    • S. Autti
    • , P. J. Heikkinen
    •  & V. B. Eltsov

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A spin-glass forms in frustrated magnetic systems when at low temperatures impurity sites “freeze” into a random spin configuration. Here, by looking back at previous experimental results, Syzranov and Ramirez show that the glass-transition temperature grows with decreasing impurity concentration.

    • S. V. Syzranov
    •  & A. P. Ramirez

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Interacting bosons in one or two dimensions are expected to be in either a superfluid or an insulating ground state. Here, the authors show numerically that an experimentally relevant 1D model of disordered bosons with dipolar couplings supports an unusual metallic phase that does not fit into existing descriptions.

    • Guido Masella
    • , Nikolay V. Prokof’ev
    •  & Guido Pupillo

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The analytic properties of Fermi surfaces give rise to quasiparticles. Now, it is shown that similarly, quasiparticles can be associated with Luttinger surfaces - the locations in the Brillouin zone of zeros of the single-particle Green’s function at zero energy and temperature.

    • Michele Fabrizio

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Non-Abelian phase of Kitaev quantum spin liquid is promising for topological quantum computation. Here, the authors propose a way to identify the non-abelian Kitaev quantum spin liquid by magnetic field angle dependence, providing criteria for such a state for future experiments.

    • Kyusung Hwang
    • , Ara Go
    •  & Eun-Gook Moon

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The topology of the surface states of a bismuth crystal remains an ongoing debate. Here, the authors observe surface electric conductivity with a magnetic field parallel to the two-dimensional boundary between the three-dimensional bismuth crystal and vacuum, but this effect is absent in antimony crystals indicating a link between band symmetry and boundary conductance.

    • Woun Kang
    • , Felix Spathelf
    •  & Kamran Behnia

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The pseudogap phase in cuprate superconductors is predicted to be a pair density wave state (PDW) but experimental evidence has been lacking. Here, the authors detect the temperature evolution of energy gap modulations and scattering interference signature suggesting the Bi2Sr2CaDyCu2O8 pseudogap phase contains a PDW.

    • Shuqiu Wang
    • , Peayush Choubey
    •  & J. C. Séamus Davis

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Quantum spin liquid states are realized in systems with frustrated magnetic interactions. Here, the authors show that tunable frustrated spin-spin interactions can be induced by coupling a quantum antiferromagnet to the quantized light of a driven optical cavity, giving rise to robust quantum spin liquid states.

    • Alessio Chiocchetta
    • , Dominik Kiese
    •  & Sebastian Diehl

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Sr3Ru2O7 exhibits a quantum critical point tunable by magnetic field and has been widely used in the study of criticality. Here, by using inelastic neutron scattering, the authors measure collective magnetic excitations near the quantum critical point and relate them to thermodynamic properties and spin density wave order.

    • C. Lester
    • , S. Ramos
    •  & S. M. Hayden

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Twisted van der Waals systems are known to host flat electronic bands, originating from moire potential. Here, the authors predict from purely geometric considerations a new type of nearly dispersionless bands in twisted bilayer MoS2, resulting from destructive interference between effective lattice hopping matrix elements.

    • Lede Xian
    • , Martin Claassen
    •  & Angel Rubio

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The nonequilibrium regime provides an exciting frontier in the search for novel quantum phases of matter. Here, the authors show that optically driving a lightly-doped semiconductor can lead to the spontaneous formation of a dynamical quantum liquid crystalline phase with a rotating magnetization.

    • Iliya Esin
    • , Gaurav Kumar Gupta
    •  & Netanel H. Lindner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Surface plasmons have unique physical properties that make them also interesting for technology. Here, the authors observe plasmons in mixed-dimensional heterostructures that can be highly modulated with electrostatic gating, which may be explained by plasmon hybridization

    • Sheng Wang
    • , SeokJae Yoo
    •  & Feng Wang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Laser-assisted electron scattering (LAES) is a commonly observed strong field process in gas phase systems. Here the authors use helium droplets with core atoms and molecules to observe increased electron energy due to multiple LAES events within the droplets.

    • Leonhard Treiber
    • , Bernhard Thaler
    •  & Markus Koch

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The nature of spin interactions and the field-induced quantum spin liquid phase in the Kitaev material α-RuCl3 have been debated. Here, using a combination of many-body techniques, the authors derive an effective spin model that explains the majority of experimental findings and predicts a new quantum spin liquid phase in strong out-of-plane magnetic field.

    • Han Li
    • , Hao-Kai Zhang
    •  & Wei Li

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In this paper, the authors demonstrate that cryogenic scanning transmission electron microscopy allows for the direct mapping of the local arrangements and symmetries of electronic order, providing a useful method for studying strongly correlated systems. They show this using the example of Nd1/2Sr1/2MnO3, a model charge ordered material.

    • Ismail El Baggari
    • , David J. Baek
    •  & Lena F. Kourkoutis

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The Hall effect has been used as a probe of the normal state of cuprates, when superconductivity is supressed by a magnetic field. Here, the authors report the vanishing of the Hall coefficient at high magnetic field in cuprates with stripe order and interpret it as a signature of the stripe-ordered phase.

    • Zhenzhong Shi
    • , P. G. Baity
    •  & Dragana Popović

  • Article
    | Open Access

    It was recently proposed that the coupling between phonons and fractional excitations of a Kitaev quantum spin liquid can be detected in its phonon dynamics. Here, the authors report signatures of this coupling, manifested in low-energy phonon anomalies measured by inelastic X-ray scattering with meV resolution.

    • Haoxiang Li
    • , T. T. Zhang
    •  & H. Miao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Previous work has shown the detection of quantum turbulence with mechanical resonators but with limited spatial and temporal resolution. Here, the authors demonstrate real-time detection of single quantum vortices in superfluid 4He with millisecond and micron resolution at temperatures of 10 millikelvin.

    • A. Guthrie
    • , S. Kafanov
    •  & D. E. Presnov

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The dominant mechanism of the excitonic insulator transition in Ta2NiSe5 and the nature of its high-temperature phase are debated. The authors report transient reflectivity measurements indicating a significant electronic contribution to the transition and a gapped state of preformed excitons at high temperatures.

    • Hope M. Bretscher
    • , Paolo Andrich
    •  & Akshay Rao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Charge transport in strongly correlated electron systems is not fully understood. Here, the authors show that resilient quasiparticles at finite frequency persist into the bad-metal regime near a Mott insulator, where dynamical localization results in a ‘displaced Drude peak’ and strongly enhanced dc resistivity.

    • Andrej Pustogow
    • , Yohei Saito
    •  & Simone Fratini

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