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| Open AccessIn-silico-assisted derivatization of triarylboranes for the catalytic reductive functionalization of aniline-derived amino acids and peptides with H2
Machine learning has not been strategically applied to design main-group catalysts. Here, the authors built an in-silico library of triarylboranes, which was used to identify reactive catalysts for functionalizing amino acids and peptides with H2.
- Yusei Hisata
- , Takashi Washio
- & Yoichi Hoshimoto
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Article
| Open AccessRadiative cooling and indoor light management enabled by a transparent and self-cleaning polymer-based metamaterial
Transparent roofs offer a solution for harnessing natural light in sustainable buildings. Here, authors demonstrate a polymer-based metamaterial with micro-pyramid surface structures that diffuses sunlight while offering passive cooling and self-cleaning properties.
- Gan Huang
- , Ashok R. Yengannagari
- & Bryce S. Richards
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| Open AccessStarch-mediated colloidal chemistry for highly reversible zinc-based polyiodide redox flow batteries
The development of porous membranes that could work under high power density brings promise but a challenge with polyiodide cross-over for aqueous Zn-I flow batteries. Here, the authors develop a colloidal starch-based catholyte to inhibit cross-over that endows reversible flow cell performance.
- Zhiquan Wei
- , Zhaodong Huang
- & Chunyi Zhi
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Article
| Open AccessFree-standing ultrathin silicon wafers and solar cells through edges reinforcement
Lightweight and flexible thin crystalline silicon solar cells have huge market potential but remain relatively unexplored. Here, authors present a thin silicon structure with reinforced ring to prepare free-standing 4.7-μm 4-inch silicon wafers, achieving efficiency of 20.33% for 28-μm solar cells.
- Taojian Wu
- , Zhaolang Liu
- & Wenzhong Shen
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Article
| Open AccessSpin disorder control of topological spin texture
Stabilizing non-trivial magnetic spin textures at room temperature remains challenging. Here, the authors propose introducing magnetic atoms into the van der Waals gap of 2D magnets Fe3GaTe2 to stabilize the magnetic spin textures beyond skyrmion.
- Hongrui Zhang
- , Yu-Tsun Shao
- & Ramamoorthy Ramesh
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| Open AccessMiniature computational spectrometer with a plasmonic nanoparticles-in-cavity microfilter array
Conventional spectrometers can be bulky and efforts are being made to develop miniaturised versions. Here, the authors present a miniature computational spectrometer based on silver nanoparticles in Fabry-Pérot microcavities for measuring visible spectra.
- Yangxi Zhang
- , Sheng Zhang
- & A. Ping Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessAtomic-level polarization reversal in sliding ferroelectric semiconductors
Polarization reversal dynamics in sliding ferroelectrics is important for the application in slidetronics. Here, the authors observe the interlayer directional sliding induced polarization switching with simultaneous hysteresis response in γ-InSe:Y.
- Fengrui Sui
- , Haoyang Li
- & Chungang Duan
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Article
| Open AccessQuantum fluctuations lead to glassy electron dynamics in the good metal regime of electron doped KTaO3
An electron glass state usually occurs in disordered insulating systems. Here the authors report evidence of glassy dynamics of conduction electrons in an electron-doped quantum paraelectric material KTaO3, in the good metal regime, where quantum fluctuations play an important role.
- Shashank Kumar Ojha
- , Sankalpa Hazra
- & Srimanta Middey
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Article
| Open AccessIntegrated optimization modelling framework for low-carbon and green regional transitions through resource-based industrial symbiosis
This study reports a quantitative tool for resource-based industries aimed at supporting sustainable, low-carbon regional transitions. The results provide optimal transition paths over traditional methods, highlighting the need for cleaner technology and industrial symbiosis.
- Xin Xie
- , Hang Fu
- & Shanying Hu
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Article
| Open AccessTopologically trivial gap-filling in superconducting Fe(Se,Te) by one-dimensional defects
Previous measurements of FeSe0.45Te0.55 found one-dimensional (1D) defects that were interpretated as domain walls hosting propagating Majorana topological modes. Here, the authors reveal that these 1D defects correspond to sub-surface debris and show that the filling of the superconducting gap on these defects is topologically trivial.
- A. Mesaros
- , G. D. Gu
- & F. Massee
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| Open AccessRevealing the spatial nature of sublattice symmetry
Sublattice symmetry has long been synonymous with chiral symmetry when it comes to topological classification. Here, the authors challenge this notion by systematically investigating sublattice symmetry and revealing its spatial nature with a precise description in terms of symmetry algebra and representation.
- Rong Xiao
- & Y. X. Zhao
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Article
| Open AccessEnantioselective synthesis of chiral α,α-dialkyl indoles and related azoles by cobalt-catalyzed hydroalkylation and regioselectivity switch
Catalytic and enantioselective construction of chiral α,α-dialkyl indoles represents an important yet challenging objective to be developed. Herein the authors describe a cobalt catalyzed enantioselective anti-Markovnikov alkene hydroalkylation via the remote stereocontrol for the synthesis of α,α-dialkyl indoles and other N-heterocycles.
- Jiangtao Ren
- , Zheng Sun
- & Zhihui Shao
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| Open AccessLow-index mesoscopic surface reconstructions of Au surfaces using Bayesian force fields
Metal surfaces have long been known to reconstruct, but key mechanistic aspects are poorly understood. Here, the authors use Bayesian force fields to gain insights into gold surface reconstructions that are crucial for material science and catalysis.
- Cameron J. Owen
- , Yu Xie
- & Boris Kozinsky
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Article
| Open AccessDecarboxylative stereoretentive C–N coupling by harnessing aminating reagent
Accessing chiral alkylamines is highly important due to their ubiquity in bioactive molecules. Here, the authors present the development of stereoretentive decarboxylative amidation of carboxylic acids using dioxazolone under ambient conditions.
- Jeonguk Kweon
- , Bumsu Park
- & Sukbok Chang
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| Open AccessA fast-charging/discharging and long-term stable artificial electrode enabled by space charge storage mechanism
Lithium-ion batteries with fast-charging properties are urgently needed for wide adoption of electric vehicles. Here, the authors show a fast charging/discharging and long-term stable electrode made from a mixed electronic/ionic conductor material enabled by a space charge mechanism.
- Linyi Zhao
- , Tiansheng Wang
- & Guihua Yu
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| Open AccessRealizing thermoelectric cooling and power generation in N-type PbS0.6Se0.4 via lattice plainification and interstitial doping
The authors fabricate a thermoelectric cooling device based on n-type PbS based material, which exhibits a remarkable cooling temperature difference of 36.9 K at room temperature, and the single-leg power generation efficiency of 8%.
- Lei Wang
- , Yi Wen
- & Li-Dong Zhao
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Article
| Open AccessSynthetic molecular switches driven by DNA-modifying enzymes
Molecular switches are ubiquitous in the biochemistry regulatory network. Here, the authors construct synthetic molecular switches controlled by DNA-modifying enzymes such as DNA polymerase and nicking endonuclease to control and cascade assembly and disassembly.
- Hong Kang
- , Yuexuan Yang
- & Bryan Wei
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Article
| Open AccessCarbon–nitrogen transmutation in polycyclic arenol skeletons to access N-heteroarenes
Developing skeletal editing tools, especially to realize the single-atom transmutation in a ring system without altering the ring size is challenging. Here, the authors introduce a skeletal editing strategy that enables polycyclic arenols to be readily converted into N-heteroarenes through carbon–nitrogen transmutation.
- Hong Lu
- , Yu Zhang
- & Hao Wei
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-density, highly sensitive sensor array of spiky carbon nanospheres for strain field mapping
Accurate mapping of strain distribution calls for strain sensor arrays with high sensitivity, high sensing density and inter-unit consistency. Here, the authors report an array made from ordered assembly of monodispersed spiky carbon nanospheres to achieve the above features simultaneously.
- Shuxing Mei
- , Haokun Yi
- & Limin Wu
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| Open AccessGiant dielectric tunability in ferroelectric ceramics with ultralow loss by ion substitution design
The authors realize composite optimization in dielectric tunable materials by simultaneously achieving low electric field, large tunability, and low loss through ion substitution design in ferroelectric tunable materials.
- Ruitao Li
- , Diming Xu
- & Di Zhou
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| Open AccessCoordination cages integrated into swelling poly(ionic liquid)s for guest encapsulation and separation
The efficient encapsulation of guests by coordination cages in the solid state is prevented by their flexibility, dynamicity, and metal-ligand bond reversibility. Here, the authors report coordination cages integrated into poly(ionic liquid)s to control swelling and mechanical properties of the gels and develop efficient and regenerable supramolecular separation materials.
- Xiang Zhang
- , Dawei Zhang
- & Mingyuan He
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| Open AccessMagnetic steering continuum robot for transluminal procedures with programmable shape and functionalities
Interaction with surrounding lumina leads to potential medical risks in transluminal procedures. Here, the authors report a magnetic steering continuum robot that achieve autonomous shaping without the need for environmental interaction.
- Liyang Mao
- , Peng Yang
- & Hui Xie
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Article
| Open AccessThe role of memory-dependent friction and solvent viscosity in isomerization kinetics in viscogenic media
Molecular isomerization in solution is dependent on coupling of solute and solvent via memory-dependent friction. Here, by applying memory kernel extraction to molecular dynamics simulations, the authors demonstrate the role of friction in determining isomerization kinetics.
- Benjamin A. Dalton
- , Henrik Kiefer
- & Roland R. Netz
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Article
| Open AccessOzone as an environmental driver of influenza
Temperature and absolute humidity are associated with influenza activity, and recent data from Hong Kong have suggested ozone as an additional environmental driver. Here, the authors investigate the relationship between ozone and influenza transmission using surveillance data from the USA and find evidence for an inhibitory effect.
- Fang Guo
- , Pei Zhang
- & Linwei Tian
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| Open AccessControlling the broadband enhanced light chirality with L-shaped dielectric metamaterials
L-shaped silicon metamaterials are realized exhibiting broadband and enhanced chirality. The current work sets new benchmarks in the assembly of ultrathin dielectric chiral metamaterials that can efficiently control chiral light-matter interactions.
- Ufuk Kilic
- , Matthew Hilfiker
- & Christos Argyropoulos
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Article
| Open AccessSymmetry breaking in optimal transport networks
Finding an optimal shape for transport networks, represented as multilayer structures, is a challenging problem. The authors propose analytical and computational frameworks to analyze sharp transitions from symmetric to asymmetric shapes in optimal networks, that can be applied for planning and development of improved multimodal transportation systems within a city.
- Siddharth Patwardhan
- , Marc Barthelemy
- & Filippo Radicchi
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Article
| Open AccessFacilitating the dry reforming of methane with interfacial synergistic catalysis in an Ir@CeO2−x catalyst
Dry reforming of methane is an attractive route to convert greenhouse gases into valuable syngas. Here, the authors demonstrate design strategy to prepare efficient catalysts towards activation of both C–H and C = O bonds and provide atomic-level insights into interfacial synergistic catalysis.
- Hui Wang
- , Guoqing Cui
- & Min Wei
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| Open AccessEffects of emissions caps on the costs and feasibility of low-carbon hydrogen in the European ammonia industry
Decarbonizing the European ammonia industry: Less stringent emissions caps for electrolytic hydrogen production can significantly reduce costs and land use while still achieving more than 90% reduction in emissions relative to fossil-based hydrogen.
- Stefano Mingolla
- , Paolo Gabrielli
- & Zhongming Lu
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| Open AccessA statistical resolution measure of fluorescence microscopy with finite photons
Abbe’s diffraction limit has been a defining concept for microscopy. With finite photon, photon noise remains one essential factor yet to be considered in the theoretical resolution limit. Here, the authors introduced information-based resolution limit allowing for photon-considered resolution assessment of various microscopy and super-resolution modalities.
- Yilun Li
- & Fang Huang
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Article
| Open AccessColor morphing surfaces with effective chemical shielding
Photochromic materials suffer from degradation when exposed to harsh chemical environments, but this can be overcome by providing chemical shielding via superomniphobicity. Here, the authors show the design rationale and careful materials selection for fabrication of color morphing surfaces that can simultaneously display excellent chemical resistance.
- Adil Majeed Rather
- , Sravanthi Vallabhuneni
- & Arun Kumar Kota
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| Open AccessPolymer hetero-electrolyte enabled solid-state 2.4-V Zn/Li hybrid batteries
Zn batteries suffer from low voltage due to the high redox potential of the Zn anode and the low potential of traditional cathodes. Here, the authors develop a polymer hetero-electrolyte, which allows separated Zn and Li reversibility and achieves a 2.4 V-Zn battery based on the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode.
- Ze Chen
- , Tairan Wang
- & Chunyi Zhi
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Article
| Open AccessBose-Einstein condensation of non-ground-state caesium atoms
Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of ultracold atoms serve as low-entropy sources for a multitude of quantum-science applications. Here, the authors realize a non-ground-state caesium BEC with tunable interactions and tunable loss, opening up new possibilities for polaron and impurity physics.
- Milena Horvath
- , Sudipta Dhar
- & Hanns-Christoph Nägerl
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Article
| Open AccessObservation of dichotomic field-tunable electronic structure in twisted monolayer-bilayer graphene
The phase diagram of twisted monolayer-bilayer graphene depends on the electric field direction, exhibiting phases similar to twisted bilayer and double-bilayer graphene. Here the authors study the field dependent electronic structure, in particular flat bands, using nano-ARPES and explain the field-tunability.
- Hongyun Zhang
- , Qian Li
- & Shuyun Zhou
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| Open AccessCell-penetrating protein-recognizing polymeric nanoparticles through dynamic covalent chemistry and double imprinting
Molecular recognition of proteins is essential for achieving their biological functions but it is challenging to prepare selective protein-binding materials. Here the authors report a method that combines dynamic covalent chemistry and double molecular imprinting to construct protein-recognizing nanoparticles capable of specific inhibition of protein–protein interactions.
- Avijit Ghosh
- , Mansi Sharma
- & Yan Zhao
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| Open AccessRecent collisional history of (65803) Didymos
The fast-spinning primary of the Didymos near-earth asteroid binary system was found to have a degraded top shape by the DART (NASA) mission. Here, authors find that these surface features observed in the asteroid are more likely to have been caused by collisional effects than by the YORP effect.
- Adriano Campo Bagatin
- , Aldo Dell’Oro
- & Jean-Baptiste Vincent
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| Open AccessWeyl spin-momentum locking in a chiral topological semimetal
Spin-momentum locking is a fundamental property of condensed matter systems. Here, the authors evidence parallel Weyl spin-momentum locking of multifold fermions in the chiral topological semimetal PtGa.
- Jonas A. Krieger
- , Samuel Stolz
- & Niels B. M. Schröter
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| Open AccessCreep-type all-solid-state cathode achieving long life
Electrochemical-mechanical issues bring challenges but create new opportunities to design innovative all-solid-state batteries. Here, the authors propose to use the (de)lithiation-stress-creep synergistic time-dependent evolution to boost the electrochemical performance of all-solid-state batteries.
- Xiaolin Xiong
- , Ting Lin
- & Liumin Suo
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Article
| Open AccessArbitrary engineering of spatial caustics with 3D-printed metasurfaces
Caustics, as a unique type of singularity in wave phenomena, occur in diverse physical systems. Here, the authors realize multi-dimensional customization of caustics with 3D-printed metasurfaces. This arbitrary caustic engineering is poised to bring new revolutions to many domains.
- Xiaoyan Zhou
- , Hongtao Wang
- & Cheng-Wei Qiu
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Article
| Open AccessDinuclear gold-catalyzed divergent dechlorinative radical borylation of gem-dichloroalkanes
The widespread use of organoboronic acids has prompted the development of synthetic methodologies to meet the demands on structural diversity and functional group tolerance. Herein, the authors disclose a divergent radical dechloroborylation reaction enabled by dinuclear gold catalysis with visible light irradiation.
- Cheng-Long Ji
- , Hongliang Chen
- & Jin Xie
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Article
| Open AccessMulti-site integrated optical addressing of trapped ions
A promising strategy for scaling trapped-ion-based quantum technologies is to use fully integrated optical waveguides to deliver light to numerous ions at multiple sites. Here, the authors. optically address three ions using on-chip waveguides to deliver three distinct wavelengths per ion, and perform Rabi flopping on each ion simultaneously.
- Joonhyuk Kwon
- , William J. Setzer
- & Hayden J. McGuinness
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Article
| Open AccessDelayed room temperature phosphorescence enabled by phosphines
Room-temperature phosphorescence usually occurs immediately after the removal of excitation. Here the authors achieve combined instant and delayed phosphorescence through introduction of phosphines into carbazole emitters.
- Guang Lu
- , Jing Tan
- & Hui Xu
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Article
| Open AccessStereospecific syn-dihalogenations and regiodivergent syn-interhalogenation of alkenes via vicinal double electrophilic activation strategy
Restricted reaction mechanism of anti-dihalogenation of alkenes makes it challenging to alter the diastereochemical course into the complementary syn-dihalogenation process. Here, the authors report a conceptually distinctive strategy for the simultaneous double electrophilic activation of the two alkene carbons from the same side to realize syn-dihalogenation.
- Hyeon Moon
- , Jungi Jung
- & Won-jin Chung
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Article
| Open AccessUniversal scaling law for chiral antiferromagnetism
Chiral antiferromagnets, such as Mn3Pt, host a variety of transport phenomena arising due to the chiral arrangement of the spins. Herein, the authors find two contributions to the anomalous hall effect in Mn3Pt, and through comparison with other chiral antiferromagnets develop a universal scaling law for the anomalous hall effect in chiral antiferromagnets.
- Shijie Xu
- , Bingqian Dai
- & Weisheng Zhao
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Article
| Open AccessSelective production of methylindan and tetralin with xylose or hemicellulose
Indan and tetralin are used as fuel additives and intermediates in the manufacture of many products, including thermal-stable jet fuel. Here the authors report a route for the synthesis of methylindan and tetralin by the hydrogenolysis of xylose or hemicellulose over a non-noble metal catalyst, followed by further reaction over zeolite H-ZSM-5. Reviewer recognition:
- Zhufan Zou
- , Zhenjie Yu
- & Ning Li
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Article
| Open AccessTransition role of entangled data in quantum machine learning
Given that entangled states can store more information than unentangled ones, it would be natural to assume that highly-entangled data would always enhance capabilities of quantum machine learning models. Here, the authors show that this is not the case, in particular when the allowed number of measurements to incoherently learn quantum dynamics is low
- Xinbiao Wang
- , Yuxuan Du
- & Dacheng Tao
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Article
| Open AccessAnomalous dynamics of a passive droplet in active turbulence
The fluctuating dynamics of a passive object suspended in an active fluid can provide fundamental insight into the fundamental non-equilibrium behavior of the fluid. Singh and Chaudhuri theoretically investigate the dynamics of a passive deformable droplet in active nematic turbulence and show how the motion of the droplet is influenced by the interplay of spatial correlations of the flow and the size of the droplet.
- Chamkor Singh
- & Abhishek Chaudhuri
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| Open AccessThe environmental sustainability of digital content consumption
The average Internet user spends over 40% of their waking hours online, yet the environmental footprint remains poorly understood. This study suggests that digital content consumption could exacerbate the pressure on the finite Earth’s carrying capacity.
- Robert Istrate
- , Victor Tulus
- & Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez
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| Open AccessA sparse quantized hopfield network for online-continual memory
Brains and neuromorphic systems learn with local learning rules in online-continual learning scenarios. Designing neural networks that learn effectively under these conditions is challenging. The authors introduce a neural network that implements an effective, principled approach to local, online-continual learning on associative memory tasks.
- Nicholas Alonso
- & Jeffrey L. Krichmar
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| Open AccessSurpassing millisecond coherence in on chip superconducting quantum memories by optimizing materials and circuit design
Understanding loss mechanisms in superconducting circuits is crucial for improving qubit coherence. Here the authors use a multimode resonator to study loss mechanisms in thin-film superconducting circuits and demonstrate on-chip quantum memories with lifetimes exceeding 1ms, using Ta thin-films and high-temperature substrate annealing
- Suhas Ganjam
- , Yanhao Wang
- & Robert J. Schoelkopf