Featured
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| Open AccessFrequency comb generation via synchronous pumped χ(3) resonator on thin-film lithium niobate
Here the authors use on-chip amplitude and phase modulation to synchronously pump a resonator on thin-film lithium niobate for frequency comb generation. They find that pulsed pumping significantly mitigates stimulated Raman scattering and improves the overall efficiency of the device.
- Rebecca Cheng
- , Mengjie Yu
- & Marko Lončar
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Matters Arising
| Open AccessTechnical challenges of studying the impact of plasma components on the efficacy of lipid nanoparticles for vaccine and therapeutic applications
- Jens B. Simonsen
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Article
| Open AccessBicontinuous RuO2 nanoreactors for acidic water oxidation
Developing stable water oxidation catalysts is of great importance for proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers. Here the authors report a bicontinuous nanoreactor composed of multiscale defected RuO2 nanocrystals for robust acidic water oxidation reactivity.
- Ding Chen
- , Ruohan Yu
- & Shichun Mu
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Article
| Open AccessA locally solvent-tethered polymer electrolyte for long-life lithium metal batteries
Solid polymer electrolytes containing N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) exhibit improved Li+ conductivity but poor cycle life due to incompatibility between the Li metal anode and DMF. Here, the authors report a polymer electrolyte composited with Hofmann-DMF complex that achieves both high Li+ conductivity and long cycle life.
- Yanfei Zhu
- , Zhoujie Lao
- & Guangmin Zhou
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Article
| Open AccessNeutron scattering and neural-network quantum molecular dynamics investigation of the vibrations of ammonia along the solid-to-liquid transition
Through neutron scattering experiments coupled with machine learning, the authors uncover the strong role of nuclear quantum effects in the dynamics of ammonia in both its solid and technologically relevant liquid phase.
- T. M. Linker
- , A. Krishnamoorthy
- & P. D. Vashishta
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Article
| Open AccessSustainable 3D printing by reversible salting-out effects with aqueous salt solutions
Here, the authors show a facile and sustainable 3D printing by utilizing a reversible salting-out effect on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) solutions. Aqueous salt solutions lower the phase transition temperature of PNIPAM solutions below 10 °C and instantly solidify the PNIPAM solutions upon contact.
- Donghwan Ji
- , Joseph Liu
- & Jinhye Bae
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Article
| Open AccessBulk transparent supramolecular glass enabled by host–guest molecular recognition
Strategies to produce supramolecular glass and the study of its intrinsic structure and mechanical properties remains largely unexplored. Here, the authors prepare a supramolecular glass via the host–guest recognition between methyl-β-cyclodextrin and para-hydroxybenzoic acid with recyclability, compatibility, and thermal processability.
- Changyong Cai
- , Shuanggen Wu
- & Shengyi Dong
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Article
| Open AccessEffect of crystal facets in plasmonic catalysis
Crystal facets are known to be important in traditional heterogeneous catalysis, yet this effect has not been studied in plasmon-assisted catalysis. Here, the authors investigate the impact facets have on CO2 reduction using plasmonic Au NPs.
- Yicui Kang
- , Simão M. João
- & Emiliano Cortés
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Article
| Open AccessLarge transverse thermoelectric effect induced by the mixed-dimensionality of Fermi surfaces
The conversion between longitudinal heat flow and transverse charge current is a promising energy harvesting technology. Here, the authors show the large transverse thermoelectric effect induced by the mixed-dimensionality of Fermi surfaces.
- Hikari Manako
- , Shoya Ohsumi
- & D. Aoki
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Article
| Open AccessPhase-separated droplets swim to their dissolution
Here the authors identify a generic coupling in phase-separated liquids between motility and phase equilibria perturbations: phase-separated droplets swim to their dissolution. This suggests alternative transport mechanism for biomolecular condensates.
- Etienne Jambon-Puillet
- , Andrea Testa
- & Eric R. Dufresne
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Article
| Open AccessLevitation and dynamics of bodies in supersaturated fluids
When a solid object is placed in a supersaturated environment, it can exhibit interesting dynamics. Spagnolie et al. conducted an experiment using raisins and 3D-printed bodies in carbonated water and found that the motion of the solid object is influenced by the accumulation and release of bubbles as they reach the surface.
- Saverio E. Spagnolie
- , Samuel Christianson
- & Carsen Grote
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Article
| Open AccessNeural network kinetics for exploring diffusion multiplicity and chemical ordering in compositionally complex materials
The inherent chemical complexity in compositionally complex materials present a challenge in studying atomic diffusion. Here, the authors introduce a neural network kinetics scheme to effectively address this issue and reveal anomalous diffusion behavior in complex concentrated alloys.
- Bin Xing
- , Timothy J. Rupert
- & Penghui Cao
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Article
| Open AccessGas adsorption and framework flexibility of CALF-20 explored via experiments and simulations
CALF-20 is a water stable structure capable of selectively separating CO2 from flue gas. Here authors use a close feedback loop between theory and experiments to understand CO2/water adsorption and framework flexibility of CALF-20.
- Rama Oktavian
- , Ruben Goeminne
- & Peyman Z. Moghadam
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Article
| Open AccessSelf-assembly of nanocrystal checkerboard patterns via non-specific interactions
The self-assembly of nanocrystals into checkerboard lattice patterns is difficult to control. Here, the authors investigate the formation of such patterns from hydrophilic/hydrophobic bifunctionalized Ag nanocubes and use multiscale simulations to understand the effects of physical forces.
- Yufei Wang
- , Yilong Zhou
- & Andrea R. Tao
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Article
| Open AccessNonvolatile optical phase shift in ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide
The authors present nonvolatile optical phase shift induced by ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide deposited on a SiN waveguide. This finding paves the way for largescale programmable photonic circuits for communication, computing, and sensing.
- Kazuma Taki
- , Naoki Sekine
- & Mitsuru Takenaka
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Article
| Open AccessImplication of thermal signaling in neuronal differentiation revealed by manipulation and measurement of intracellular temperature
The role of subcellular thermogenesis during neuronal differentiation remains poorly understood. Here, the authors employ methods to monitor local intracellular temperature, and they investigate the effects of non-invasive temperature changes on cell differentiation using neuron-like cells.
- Shunsuke Chuma
- , Kazuyuki Kiyosue
- & Yoshie Harada
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Article
| Open AccessVisualizing the gas-sensitive structure of the CuZn surface in methanol synthesis catalysis
Industrial methanol synthesis uses materials based on Cu and ZnO. We present high-resolution imaging of active surfaces which reveals how Zn species are transported at the active Cu interface in diffusion processes controlled by the reactant gas composition.
- Sigmund Jensen
- , Mathias H. R. Mammen
- & Jeppe V. Lauritsen
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Article
| Open AccessInterplay of structural preorganization and conformational sampling in UDP-glucuronic acid 4-epimerase catalysis
Enzymes involve structural flexibility in their function, but understanding enzyme catalysis as connected to protein motions is a major challenge. Here, the authors obtain energetic description of C-H activation in nicotinamide coenzyme-dependent UDP-glucuronic acid C4 epimerase based on temperature kinetic studies and isotope effect measurements.
- Christian Rapp
- , Annika Borg
- & Bernd Nidetzky
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Article
| Open AccessFinely manipulating room temperature phosphorescence by dynamic lanthanide coordination toward multi-level information security
Room temperature phosphorescent materials have many desirable properties, but fine control of these can be challenging. Here, the authors report a strategy for this control by dynamic lanthanide coordination in combination with organic phosphors.
- Longqiang Li
- , Jiayin Zhou
- & Tao Chen
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Article
| Open AccessConstructing ordered and tunable extrinsic porosity in covalent organic frameworks via water-mediated soft-template strategy
The synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) by a soft-template methodology is challenging. Here, the authors attach the soft templates to the COFs backbone via ion bonds, avoiding crystallization incompatibilities and allowing subsequent removal of the template by ion exchange for enhanced U(VI)/Th(IV) adsorption performance.
- Ningning He
- , Yingdi Zou
- & Lijian Ma
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Article
| Open AccessConverting inorganic sulfur into degradable thermoplastics and adhesives by copolymerization with cyclic disulfides
The inherent instability of poly(sulfur) renders the conversion of elementary sulfur into sulfur-rich polymers challenging which limits the use of this industrial by-product. Here, the authors demonstrate that inorganic sulfur can be utilized by copolymerizing with cyclic disulfides, producing high-performance thermoplastic elastomers with self-healing ability and degradability.
- Yuanxin Deng
- , Zhengtie Huang
- & Da-Hui Qu
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Article
| Open AccessA linear response framework for quantum simulation of bosonic and fermionic correlation functions
As quantum simulations advance, the ability to measure response functions of simulated systems becomes increasingly important. Here the authors present a linear response framework for computing fermionic and bosonic response functions on a quantum computer, demonstrating advantages over existing methods.
- Efekan Kökcü
- , Heba A. Labib
- & A. F. Kemper
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Article
| Open AccessN2 cleavage by silylene and formation of H2Si(μ-N)2SiH2
So far, only homoleptic N2 complexes of silicon have been reported under matrix-isolation conditions including but the activation of more inert nitrogen by silylenes remains challenging. Here the authors report on the activation of dinitrogen by silylenes under cryogenic conditions.
- Liyan Cai
- , Bing Xu
- & Xuefeng Wang
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Article
| Open AccessAnti-resonant acoustic waveguides enabled tailorable Brillouin scattering on chip
Achieving acoustic waveguides with low loss, tailorability, and easy fabrication is a considerable challenge. Here, the authors introduce suspended anti-resonant acoustic waveguides with superior confinement and high selectivity of acoustic modes, supporting both forward and backward SBS on chip.
- Peng Lei
- , Mingyu Xu
- & Xiaopeng Xie
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Article
| Open AccessCellulose nanofiber-mediated manifold dynamic synergy enabling adhesive and photo-detachable hydrogel for self-powered E-skin
Certain devices require rapid adhesion and detachment, but achieving both can be challenging. Here, the authors report the development of a supramolecular hydrogel with reversible tough adhesion and triggered photodetachment.
- Lei Zhang
- , Lu Chen
- & Chaoji Chen
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Article
| Open Access“On-Water” accelerated dearomative cycloaddition via aquaphotocatalysis
Developing water compatible synthetic methods for Sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) chemistry is of paramount importance. Here the authors demonstrate a catalytic dearomative [2+2] photocycloaddition that significantly speeds up the synthesis of heterocyclic alkyl SuFEx hubs, leveraging the unique reactivity at the water-oil interface.
- Soo Bok Kim
- , Dong Hyeon Kim
- & Han Yong Bae
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Article
| Open AccessMulti-color dual wavelength vat photopolymerization 3D printing via spatially controlled acidity
Dual wavelength vat photopolymerization has emerged as a powerful approach to create multimaterial objects but require changing the resin during the printing process. Here, the authors develop a method of dual-wavelength 3D printing that can directly access multicolor parts without requiring changing of resin feedstocks or introduction of new materials during the printing process.
- Kyle C. H. Chin
- , Grant Ovsepyan
- & Andrew J. Boydston
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Article
| Open AccessControlling chaos using edge computing hardware
Creating accurate digital twins and controlling nonlinear systems displaying chaotic dynamics is challenging due to high system sensitivity to initial conditions and perturbations. The authors introduce a nonlinear controller for chaotic systems, based on next-generation reservoir computing, with improved accuracy, energy cost, and suitable for implementation with field-programmable gate arrays.
- Robert M. Kent
- , Wendson A. S. Barbosa
- & Daniel J. Gauthier
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Article
| Open AccessCapture of single Ag atoms through high-temperature-induced crystal plane reconstruction
Terminal hydroxyl groups on γ-Al2O3 surfaces serve as anchoring sites for Ag. Based on the surface energy of different crystal planes of γ-Al2O3 at various temperatures, the authors propose a high-temperature-induced crystal plane transformation method to construct terminal hydroxyl anchoring sites.
- Jiaxin Li
- , Kai Li
- & Hong He
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Article
| Open AccessRevealing the three-dimensional arrangement of polar topology in nanoparticles
Low-dimensional ferroelectric systems are predicted to have topologically nontrivial polar structures, such as vortices or skyrmions. Here authors present atomic-scale 3D topological polar structures in BaTiO3 nanoparticles using atomic electron tomography and revealed their size-dependent transitions.
- Chaehwa Jeong
- , Juhyeok Lee
- & Yongsoo Yang
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Article
| Open AccessProbing the activated complex of the F + NH3 reaction via a dipole-bound state
Experimental characterization of the transition state in chemical reactions is challenging due to its transient nature. Here, Zhang et al. observe quantum states near the activated complex region of the F + NH3 → HF + NH2 reaction via a dipole-bound state of the FNH3- anion formed upon photodetachment, which allows probing regions of reactive potential energy surfaces out of the Franck-Condon-active areas.
- Rui Zhang
- , Shuaiting Yan
- & Chuangang Ning
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Article
| Open AccessObservation of interlayer plasmon polaron in graphene/WS2 heterostructures
Here, the authors report the observation of an interlayer plasmon polaron in heterostructures composed of graphene and monolayer WS2. This is manifested in the ARPES spectra as a strong quasiparticle peak accompanied by several carrier density-dependent shake-off replicas around the WS2 conduction band minimum.
- Søren Ulstrup
- , Yann in ’t Veld
- & Jyoti Katoch
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Review Article
| Open AccessCritical learning from industrial catalysis for nanocatalytic medicine
The knowledge gained from industrial catalysis benefits advancements of nanocatalytic medicines. Here the authors review the similarities, differences and connections in catalytic reactions between industrial and medical applications to support deep understanding and rational design of nanocatalytic medicines.
- Zhaokui Jin
- , Lingdong Jiang
- & Qianjun He
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Article
| Open AccessFlash heating process for efficient meat preservation
In this work, authors propose a flash Joule heating-based process for meat preservation, enabled by the formation of a thin, microbe-inactivated, and dehydrated layer on the surface. The method is energetically efficient and shown to significantly extend the food shelf life while maintaining food freshness.
- Yimin Mao
- , Peihua Ma
- & Liangbing Hu
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Article
| Open AccessDiamond with Sp2-Sp3 composite phase for thermometry at Millikelvin temperatures
To measure temperatures close to absolute zero, authors developed a kind of composite phase diamond (CPD) that can measure temperature at the millikelvin level, making it a promising candidate for next–generation cryogenic temperature sensors.
- Jianan Yin
- , Yang Yan
- & Jian Lu
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Article
| Open AccessEvidence for a finite-momentum Cooper pair in tricolor d-wave superconducting superlattices
The authors study a YbCoIn5/CeCoIn5/YbRhIn5 heterostructure. Using non-reciprocity in the second harmonic transport response, they demonstrate the existence of a specific form of finite-momentum pairing called a helical superconducting state, where the phase of the order parameter is spontaneously spatially modulated.
- T. Asaba
- , M. Naritsuka
- & Y. Matsuda
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Article
| Open AccessHigh yield electrosynthesis of oxygenates from CO using a relay Cu-Ag co-catalyst system
Using CO and H2O to electrosynthesize oxygenates is a possible low-carbon synthetic route. Here, the authors study the CO adsorption behavior on Ag catalysts and design a Cu-Ag nanostructure catalyst with a relay mechanism that enhances the electrosynthesis of oxygenates.
- Nannan Meng
- , Zhitan Wu
- & Kian Ping Loh
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Article
| Open AccessEfficient recovery and recycling/upcycling of precious metals using hydrazide-functionalized star-shaped polymers
Despite the use of amine-functionalized polymers as metal adsorbents, they are generally ineffective at recovering precious metals. Here the authors prepare a star-shaped, hydrazide-functionalized polymer as a recoverable standalone adsorbent with high precious metal adsorption capability/selectivity and practical feasibility.
- Seung Su Shin
- , Youngkyun Jung
- & Jung-Hyun Lee
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Article
| Open AccessA wireless controlled robotic insect with ultrafast untethered running speeds
The BHMbot provides an efficient running gait and a novel actuation mechanism for insect scale legged microrobots to solve the bottleneck problem of the severe running speed degradation after carrying essential payloads for untethered locomotion.
- Zhiwei Liu
- , Wencheng Zhan
- & Xiaojun Yan
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Article
| Open AccessTracing fossil-based plastics, chemicals and fertilizers production in China
Plastics, chemical production, and fertilizers commonly rely on fossil fuels. Here the authors examine these uses in China and find that in 2017, 5%, 15%, and 7% of China’s total coal, crude oil, and natural gas were used as feedstocks in the chemical industry.
- Meng Jiang
- , Yuheng Cao
- & Bing Zhu
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Article
| Open AccessDistributed electrified heating for efficient hydrogen production
Conventional chemical engineering has limitations on heat transfer, leading to large setups. Here, authors propose a distributed electrified heating method, realizing fast and uniform heating of gaseous reactants, promising an energy-concentrated and compact reactor design.
- Hanmin Yang
- , Ilman Nuran Zaini
- & Tong Han
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Article
| Open AccessFrom creep to flow: Granular materials under cyclic shear
Granular materials exhibit yielding behaviors rather different from glasses that can be elastic. Here, Yuan et al. show a cross-over from creep to diffusive dynamics in three-dimensional granular systems under cyclic shear and that the relaxation process depends on the roughness of the constituent particles.
- Ye Yuan
- , Zhikun Zeng
- & Yujie Wang
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Article
| Open AccessSemantic regularization of electromagnetic inverse problems
Solving ill-posed inverse problems require regularisation based on prior knowledge, which is formulated mathematically or learned from data. Here, the authors demonstrated the concept of semantic regularisation based on large language model to circumvent the current limitation.
- Hongrui Zhang
- , Yanjin Chen
- & Lianlin Li
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Article
| Open AccessGeneral strategy for developing thick-film micro-thermoelectric coolers from material fabrication to device integration
The micro-thermoelectric coolers face challenges in high-performance material preparation and high-density device integration. Here, the authors combine Bi2Te3-based film prepared by powder direct molding with micro-thermoelectric cooler integrated via phase-change batch transfer.
- Xiaowen Sun
- , Yuedong Yan
- & Yuan Deng
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Article
| Open AccessSpontaneous persistent activity and inactivity in vivo reveals differential cortico-entorhinal functional connectivity
Cortico-entorhinal interactions remain poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a model of interacting networks predicts spontaneous persistent activity and inactivity in the medial, but not lateral, entorhinal cortex in vivo.
- Krishna Choudhary
- , Sven Berberich
- & Mayank R. Mehta
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Article
| Open AccessOne pot conversion of phenols and anilines to aldehydes and ketones exploiting α gem boryl carbanions
For the carbonylation reactions to synthesize aldehyde, ester, amide, and other carbonyl derivatives, a transition metal-free and CO- free reaction was challenging but highly demanded. Here, the authors report a transition metal-free and CO- free method for deoxygenetive/denitrogenetive conversion of phenols and anilines to aldehydes and ketones.
- Kanak Kanti Das
- , Debasis Aich
- & Santanu Panda
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Article
| Open AccessElectrochemical C−H deuteration of pyridine derivatives with D2O
Despite the established C − H deuteration of pyridine derivatives synthetic methods with good D-incorporation, under milder conditions with easy operation procedures is still on the way. Here, the authors develop a straightforward, metal-free, and acid-/base-free electrochemical C4-selective C − H deuteration of pyridine derivatives with high selectivity and excellent D-incorporation at room temperature, which use D2O as economic and convenient D-source.
- Zhiwei Zhao
- , Ranran Zhang
- & Youai Qiu
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Article
| Open Access3D printing with a 3D printed digital material filament for programming functional gradients
3D printing of functional gradients often requires specialized equipment and costly materials, constraining scalability. Here, using a conventional desktop FDM printer, authors present a 3D printing strategy using a filament that is itself 3D-printed to produce functional gradients.
- Sang-Joon Ahn
- , Howon Lee
- & Kyu-Jin Cho
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Article
| Open AccessA filtering reconfigurable intelligent surface for interference-free wireless communications
A filtering reconfigurable intelligent surface is presented with sharp frequency-selecting and 2-bit phase-shifting properties, offering to advance the development of wireless communications with anti-interference and signal-manipulation abilities.
- Jing Cheng Liang
- , Lei Zhang
- & Tie Jun Cui