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AI-based pathology predicts origins for cancers of unknown primary
A deep-learning-based algorithm uses routinely acquired histology slides to provide a differential diagnosis for the origin of the primary tumour for complicated cases of metastatic tumours and cancers of unknown primary origin.
- Ming Y. Lu
- , Tiffany Y. Chen
- & Faisal Mahmood
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Outlook |
Software: The computer will see you now
From image-analysis software to lens-free microscopes that fit on a mobile phone, new tools are providing pathologists with clearer and more informative images.
- Katherine Bourzac
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Letter |
Wild-type microglia arrest pathology in a mouse model of Rett syndrome
Transplanting bone marrow from wild-type mice into MECP2-lacking mice results in wild-type microglial engraftment, extends lifespan and reduces symptoms of disease such as breathing and locomotor abnormalities, implicating microglia in the pathophysiology of Rett syndrome.
- Noël C. Derecki
- , James C. Cronk
- & Jonathan Kipnis
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Letter |
Extrathymically generated regulatory T cells control mucosal TH2 inflammation
Selective impairment of peripheral regulatory T-cell differentiation is found to result in spontaneous allergic TH2-type inflammation in the intestine and lungs, demonstrating the functional heterogeneity of regulatory T cells generated in the thymus and extrathymically in controlling immune mediated inflammation and disease.
- Steven Z. Josefowicz
- , Rachel E. Niec
- & Alexander Y. Rudensky
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Brief Communications Arising |
Phiel et al. reply
- Christopher J. Phiel
- , Christina A. Wilson
- & Peter S. Klein
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Brief Communications Arising |
GSK-3α/β kinases and amyloid production in vivo
- Tomasz Jaworski
- , Ilse Dewachter
- & Fred Van Leuven
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Article |
Mutations causing syndromic autism define an axis of synaptic pathophysiology
The mutations that underlie the diseases tuberous sclerosis complex and fragile X syndrome produce abnormalities in synaptic plasticity and function that can be corrected by treatments that modulate metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in opposite directions.
- Benjamin D. Auerbach
- , Emily K. Osterweil
- & Mark F. Bear
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Outlook |
Perspective: Prevention is better than cure
Attempts to reduce amyloid-β in the brain have yet to show clinical benefits. Starting treatment early is the best hope, says Sam Gandy
- Sam Gandy
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Article |
Anti-diabetic drugs inhibit obesity-linked phosphorylation of PPARγ by Cdk5
PPARγ ligands are used to control diabetes, but their anti-diabetic actions are puzzling. Here the authors show that phosphorylation of PPARγ by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in mice is linked to obesity induced by high-fat feeding, and that inhibition of the effect in humans by the drug rosiglitazone is closely associated with its anti-diabetic effects. Several anti-diabetic PPARγ ligands directly inhibit the effect, and thus support a more normal non-diabetic pattern of gene expression.
- Jang Hyun Choi
- , Alexander S. Banks
- & Bruce M. Spiegelman