Ferromagnetism articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ultrafast demagnetization refers to the process where an intense optical drive can destroy the magnetic order in a magnetic material on a femto-second timescale. Here, Wu et al resolve a three-stage ultrafast demagnetization process in a monolayer of Fe3GeTe2.

    • Na Wu
    • , Shengjie Zhang
    •  & Sheng Meng

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The spin texture of a magnetic system can host a variety of topological spin textures, the most famous of these being skyrmions. Here, Volkov et al demonstrate higher order vorticity in magnetic wireframe nanostructures and introduce a general protocol for the creation of arbitrary numbers of vortices and antivortices in such wireframe structures.

    • Oleksii M. Volkov
    • , Oleksandr V. Pylypovskyi
    •  & Denys Makarov

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Despite having all the ingredients required for the formation of two-dimensional ferromagnetism, achieving such a magnetic state in atomically thin metal-organic coordination networks has proved to be a persistent challenge. Here, Lobo-Checa et al demonstrate 2Dferromagnetism in a self-assembled network, exhibiting coercive fields over 2 Tesla and a Curie temperature of 35K.

    • Jorge Lobo-Checa
    • , Leyre Hernández-López
    •  & Fernando Bartolomé

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Developing efficient reservoir computing hardware that combines optically excited acoustic and spin waves with high spatial density remains a challenge. In this work, the authors propose a design capable of recognizing visual shapes drawn by a laser within remarkably confined spaces, down to 10 square microns.

    • Dmytro D. Yaremkevich
    • , Alexey V. Scherbakov
    •  & Manfred Bayer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Soft magnetic materials are critical components of electric motors, generators and transformers, however obtaining a material that is magnetically soft, but mechanically robust and stable at high temperature is very difficult. Here, Han et al succeed in combining these disparate properties by introducing ferromagnetic Widmanstätten patterned intermetallic precipitates into a ferromagnetic alloy matrix.

    • Liuliu Han
    • , Fernando Maccari
    •  & Dierk Raabe

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Intrinsic anomalous Hall effect has been observed in twisted graphene multilayers, but these structures are typically not energetically favorable. This study extends these observations to Bernal-stacked tetralayer graphene, which is the most stable configuration of four-layer graphene.

    • Hao Chen
    • , Arpit Arora
    •  & Kian Ping Loh

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Topological spin textures, such as skyrmions and antiskyrmions are of interest for use in information storage, owing to their inherent robustness. Critical to this use is the ability to manipulate these spin textures. Here, Yasin et al. demonstrate heat current driven transformation of a topological spin texture in a ferromagnet at room temperature.

    • Fehmi Sami Yasin
    • , Jan Masell
    •  & Xiuzhen Yu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Artificial spin ices are composed of a honeycomb lattice of nanoscale magnets. Depending on the orientation of the magnets in the lattice, the spin ice can host high or low effective magnetic charge at each vertex. Here, Guo et al use neutron spin echo spectroscopy to show that these magnetic charges exhibit sub-ns relaxation times, analogous to bulk spin-ices.

    • J. Guo
    • , P. Ghosh
    •  & D. K. Singh

  • Article
    | Open Access

    When strain is applied to some magnetic materials, the magnetic properties and magnetization can change drastically. This coupling is referred to as magnetoelasticity, and while its history of study is long, it is still not a well-understood phenomenon. In this work, Kong et al. shed light on magnetoelasticity using a variety of experimental probes.

    • Deli Kong
    • , András Kovács
    •  & Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The elementary excitations of magnets are known as magnons. Like photons, they can carry information, but unlike photons, the interactions of magnons are intrinsically non-linear, making them particularly promising for physical reservoir computing, where the non-linear response of a dynamical system is used as a computational resource. Here, Körber et al demonstrate physical reservoir computing using the magnon eigenmodes of a permalloy disc.

    • Lukas Körber
    • , Christopher Heins
    •  & Katrin Schultheiss

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The isolation of graphene leads to a surge of interest in two dimensional materials, and recently, ferromagnetism has been observed in several two-dimensional materials. However, two-dimensional ferromagnetism remains rare. Here, Gong et al present an alternative approach to achieve two-dimensional ferromagnetism; combining antiferromagnetic FePS3 with non-magnetic WS2 they find a ferromagnetic state forms at the interface of these two materials.

    • Cheng Gong
    • , Peiyao Zhang
    •  & Xiang Zhang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Artificial spin ices are composed of tiny magnets arranged in a lattice. Despite their simplicity, they exhibit rich dynamic magnetic behaviour. Here, Lendinez et al demonstrate that, like continuous magnetic thin films, artificial spin ices can exhibit non-linear magnon-magnon scattering which, in conjunction with their reconfigurability, offers great potential for tuneable magnon transport.

    • Sergi Lendinez
    • , Mojtaba T. Kaffash
    •  & M. Benjamin Jungfleisch

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Chromium tellurides are a particularly promising family of quasi-2D magnetic materials; towards the single van der Waals layer limit, they preserve magnetic ordering, some even above room temperature, and exhibit a variety of intrinsic topological properties. Here, Hang Chi, Yunbo Ou and co-authors demonstrate a strain tunable Berry curvature induced reversal of the anomalous Hall effect in Cr2Te3.

    • Hang Chi
    • , Yunbo Ou
    •  & Jagadeesh S. Moodera

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A nonreciprocal critical current is known as the superconducting diode effect (SDE). Here, the authors use SQUID-on-tip to study SDE in a EuS/Nb bilayer and find that the stray field from magnetized EuS creates screening currents in the Nb, which lead to SDE by affecting vortex flow dynamics.

    • Alon Gutfreund
    • , Hisakazu Matsuki
    •  & Yonathan Anahory

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Chiral interactions in magnetic systems enable topologically nontrivial magnetic textures, most notably topological solitons such as skyrmions. Here Volkov et al study the magneto-chiral interactions in a small asymmetric magnetic cap, and show how the geometric asymmetry influence the chiral spin- textures.

    • Oleksii M. Volkov
    • , Daniel Wolf
    •  & Denys Makarov

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Under laser illumination it is possible to drive a ferromagnet to lose its magnetization. While this process can be rapid, remagnetization following this is slower, due to the universal critical slowing down near the phase transition. Here, Remy et al show how such a slowing down can be overcome, changing the direction of magnetization in 400 femtoseconds.

    • Quentin Remy
    • , Julius Hohlfeld
    •  & Michel Hehn

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Magnetic skyrmions, due to their strongly nonlinearity and multiscale dynamics, are promising for implementing reservoir computing. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate skyrmion-based spatially multiplexed reservoir computing able to perform Boolean Logic operations, using thermal and current driven dynamics of spin structures.

    • Klaus Raab
    • , Maarten A. Brems
    •  & Mathias Kläui

  • Article
    | Open Access

    It has been predicted that elemental Iron, with low dimensionality, will be a topological metal hosting Weyl nodes. Here, Chen et al. grow iron on tungsten, a heavy metal with a strong spin-orbit interaction, and using momentum microscopy, show the emergence of giant open Fermi arcs which can be shaped by varying the magnetization of the iron.

    • Ying-Jiun Chen
    • , Jan-Philipp Hanke
    •  & Christian Tusche

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Long-range magnetic order of quasiparticle doped holes is important for understanding the physics of cuprate superconductors, albeit difficult to probe in experiments. Ong et al. observe ferromagnetism of quasiparticle doped holes in a cuprate heterostructure and discuss implications for cuprates in the ground state.

    • B. L. Ong
    • , K. Jayaraman
    •  & A. Rusydi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    CrGeTe3 is a van der Waals honeycomb ferromagnet, known for exhibiting strong coupling between lattice and spin degrees of freedom. Here, Chen et al perform neutron scattering on CrGeTe3, find a broadened spin-wave excitation resulting from zero-temperature motion of the atoms in the lattice.

    • Lebing Chen
    • , Chengjie Mao
    •  & Pengcheng Dai

  • Article
    | Open Access

    One challenge for spin-based electronics is the controlled and reliable switching of magnetization without magnetic fields. Here, Liu et al investigate a variety of compositions of CoPt, and determine the specific composition to maximize switching performance, potentially simplifying device design.

    • Liang Liu
    • , Chenghang Zhou
    •  & Jingsheng Chen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Fe3GeTe2, known as FGT, is a van der Waals magnetic material that was recently shown to host magnetic skyrmions. Here, Birch et al using both X-ray and electron microscopy to study the stability of skyrmions in FGT, revealing how the sample history can influence skyrmion formation

    • M. T. Birch
    • , L. Powalla
    •  & G. Schütz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In the Bloch or Neel domain walls in ferromagnets, the magnetization rotates smoothly from up to down, preserving its magnitude. Here, Lee et al show that Co3Sn2S2 exhibits a phase transition within its domain walls to a state in which the magnetization passes through zero rather than rotating as the wall is traversed.

    • Changmin Lee
    • , Praveen Vir
    •  & Joseph Orenstein

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Using ultrashort laser pulses it is possible to induce ferromagnetic ordering in otherwise anti-ferromagnetic FeRh. Here, Li et al. use THz emission spectroscopy with double pump to probe the transient dynamics of this transition, showing the insusceptibility of the ferromagnetic order to applied magnetic fields at picosecond timescales.

    • G. Li
    • , R. Medapalli
    •  & A. V. Kimel

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Manipulation of sample volume by spin current could lead to spintronics-based mechanical devices, such as actuators operating without electricity. Here, the authors report that the thickness of thin films of the ferromagnetic material Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2 changes in response to a spin current injected by means of spin Hall effects.

    • Hiroki Arisawa
    • , Hang Shim
    •  & Eiji Saitoh

  • Article
    | Open Access

    An electron subject to a periodic potential and a constant electric field exhibit oscillatory dynamics, known as Bloch oscillations. Here, the authors demonstrate a magnetic analogue of Bloch oscillations in a ferromagnetic near-Ising chain, where magnetic excitations oscillate in response to a magnetic field.

    • Ursula B. Hansen
    • , Olav F. Syljuåsen
    •  & Kim Lefmann

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A gas of magnons, quantised magnetic excitations, can be driven into a Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) state even at room temperature. Here, Divinskiy et al show that it is possible to achieve stationary equilibrium room-temperature magnon BEC via a spin-current.’

    • B. Divinskiy
    • , H. Merbouche
    •  & S. O. Demokritov

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Strings of local excitations are interesting features of a strongly correlated topological quantum matter. Here, the authors show that Boltzmann-distributed strings of local excitations also describe the topological physics of the Santa Fe geometry of artificial spin ice, which is a classical thermal system.

    • Xiaoyu Zhang
    • , Ayhan Duzgun
    •  & Peter Schiffer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Assembling nanoparticles on surfaces has great technological potential. Here, Tierno et al demonstrate the confinement of magnetic nanoparticles in traps created by magnetic domain walls. The magnetic gradient and location of the domain walls can be finely tuned, allowing for precise control of the constituent nanoparticles.

    • Pietro Tierno
    • , Tom H. Johansen
    •  & Arthur V. Straube

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Skyrmions are topological two-dimensional spin textures that in three-dimensional systems resemble strings or tubes. Here, using transmission electron microscopy Zheng et al observe the braiding of skyrmion strings in FeGe and predict this phenomenon for a large family of magnets.

    • Fengshan Zheng
    • , Filipp N. Rybakov
    •  & Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In FeRh, it is possible to optically drive a phase transition between ferromagnetic (FM) and anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) ordering. Here, using a combination of photoelectron spectroscopy and ab-initio calculations, the authors demonstrate the existence of a transient intermediate phase, explaining the delayed appearance of the FM phase.

    • Federico Pressacco
    • , Davide Sangalli
    •  & Fausto Sirotti

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Twisted monolayer-bilayer graphene is an attractive platform to study the interplay between topology, magnetism and correlations in the flat bands. Here, using electrical transport measurements, the authors uncover a rich correlated phase diagram and identify a new insulating state that can be explained by intervalley coherence with broken time reversal symmetry.

    • Minhao He
    • , Ya-Hui Zhang
    •  & Matthew Yankowitz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The mechanism of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in heavy metal-ferromagnet heterostructures is debated. Here, the authors show the oscillating behaviour of the interaction as a function of the MgO spacer layer thickness, supporting the interlayer exchange coupling mechanism of the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida type.

    • Taehyun Kim
    • , In Ho Cha
    •  & Young Keun Kim

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Two-dimensional artificial spin-ice systems have been studied for over 15 years but do not capture the detailed geometry of their bulk counterparts. Here, the authors fabricate a three-dimensional artificial spin-ice and show that the surface termination plays a crucial role in dictating the magnetic charge transport.

    • A. May
    • , M. Saccone
    •  & S. Ladak

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Antiskyrmions are topological spin textures with negative vorticity. Like skyrmions, they have considerable technological promise, but have only been stabilised in Heusler compounds. Here, Heigl et al. succeed in stabilising first and second order antiskyrmions in a new class of materials.

    • Michael Heigl
    • , Sabri Koraltan
    •  & Manfred Albrecht

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Reconfigurable magnonic crystals (RMC), comprising nano-patterned arrays of magnetic elements, can host a wide variety of spectrally-distinct microstates with great potential for functional magnonics. Here, Gartside et al, present an RMC with four distinct microstates, possessing diverse magnonic properties and exhibiting reconfigurable magnon mode hybridisation.

    • Jack C. Gartside
    • , Alex Vanstone
    •  & Will R. Branford

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Perfect absorption can be obtained for a single port device, or a device with multiple incident beams, but for multiport devices, the absorption is limited to around 50%. In this work, Rao et al. overcome this limitation, demonstrating near perfect absorption in a two port cavity magnon system.

    • J. W. Rao
    • , P. C. Xu
    •  & C.-M. Hu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The dynamic properties of Néel skyrmions in magnetic thin films have remained elusive. Here, the authors report distinct resonances in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt heterostructures whose frequencies vary with the skyrmion configuration and multilayer architecture, thus opening a path to microwave applications.

    • Bhartendu Satywali
    • , Volodymyr P. Kravchuk
    •  & Christos Panagopoulos

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Magnetic refrigeration offers a promising alternative to gas cycle cooling; however, it is typically hampered by the need for large magnetic fields. Here, the authors demonstrate that holmium can exhibit a large magnetic caloric effect while requiring only small magnetic fields.

    • Noriki Terada
    •  & Hiroaki Mamiya

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Measuring real time magnetization dynamics resulting from Hall effects is hard due to the small signal size. Here Sala et al demonstrate a method of performing Hall resistance measurements with sub-ns resolution, and use it to investigate the switching of GdFeCo dots induced by spin-orbit torques.

    • G. Sala
    • , V. Krizakova
    •  & P. Gambardella

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Goto et al present a bolometer based around the heat generation in magnetic tunnel junctions under auto-oscillation conditions. Unlike superconducting bolometers, the presented device operates at room temperature and sub-GHz frequencies, opening possibilities for use in microwave devices.

    • Minori Goto
    • , Yuma Yamada
    •  & Yoshishige Suzuki

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Berry curvature connects to exotic electronic phases hence it provides important insights to understand quantum materials. Here, the authors report sign change of the anomalous Hall effect resulted from Berry curvature change at the interface of a topological insulator/magnetic topological insulator heterostructure.

    • Fei Wang
    • , Xuepeng Wang
    •  & Cui-Zu Chang

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