Electrical and electronic engineering articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Designing optoelectronic synapses having a multispectral color-discriminating ability is crucial for neuromorphic visual system. Here, the authors propose an strategy to introduce RGB color-discriminating synaptic functionality into a 2-terminals memristor regardless of switching medium and design a color image-recognizing CNN and light-programmable reservoir computing.

    • Jongmin Lee
    • , Bum Ho Jeong
    •  & Hui Joon Park

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Liquid water or moisture discharge is a significant source of energy waste in current single-stage water-enabled electric generators. Here, authors propose a modular multistage coupling device that integrates internal liquid water flow and subsequently generated moisture to optimize energy harvesting at all stages.

    • Puying Li
    • , Yajie Hu
    •  & Liangti Qu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In this work, authors explore DC-DC converter monitoring and control and demonstrate a generalizable digital twin based buck converter system that enables dynamic synchronization even under reference value changes, physical system model variation, and physical controller failure.

    • Zhongcheng Lei
    • , Hong Zhou
    •  & Guo-Ping Liu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors present a multi-partition asynchronous space-time-coding digital metasurface (ASTCM) to control multifrequency waves; they demonstrate its capabilities by sending eight pictures over distinct frequencies using this wireless transmitter. The proposed work shows potential in enhancing microwave systems with improved power efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

    • Si Ran Wang
    • , Jun Yan Dai
    •  & Tie Jun Cui

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In this work, authors demonstrate the full integration of miniaturized InGaZnO-based transparent energy device (lithium-ion battery), electronic device (thin-film transistor) and sensing device (photodetector) to form a monolithic integrated transparent microsystem with synergistic functions.

    • Bin Jia
    • , Chao Zhang
    •  & Xiaodong Huang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Accurate flight trajectory prediction can be a challenging task in air traffic control, especially for maneuver operations. Here, authors develop a time-frequency analysis based on an encoder-decoder neural architecture to estimate wavelet components and model global flight trends and local motion details.

    • Zheng Zhang
    • , Dongyue Guo
    •  & Yi Lin

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Many proposed spintronic devices, where spin, rather than charge is used for information processing, rely on the combination of multiple materials, for example, heavy metals and magnetic materials in spin-orbit torque devices. Here, Gao et al. show how the interface between a ferromagnet and a semimetal, Ni81Fe19/Bi0.1Sb0.9, can result in a barrier-mediated spin-orbit torques

    • Tenghua Gao
    • , Alireza Qaiumzadeh
    •  & Kazuya Ando

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In this work, the authors demonstrate that pulse current can effectively be used to reduce delamination damage and residual deformation in 3D orthogonal woven composites, enhancing mechanical properties and damage tolerance.

    • Yan Li
    • , Fusheng Wang
    •  & Laohu Long

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Continuous monitoring of arterial blood pressure is limited by bulky connecting systems and poor interfacial contact. Here, Li et al. report a wearable thin, soft, miniaturized system that integrates sensing, active pressure adaptation, and signal processing for improved performance and accuracy.

    • Jian Li
    • , Huiling Jia
    •  & Xinge Yu

  • Perspective
    | Open Access

    Learning from human brains to build powerful computers is attractive, yet extremely challenging due to the lack of a guiding computing theory. Jaeger et al. give a perspective on a bottom-up approach to engineer unconventional computing systems, which is fundamentally different to the classical theory based on Turing machines.

    • Herbert Jaeger
    • , Beatriz Noheda
    •  & Wilfred G. van der Wiel

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Manufacturing metallized arrays of 3D nanoarchitectures is generally limited by existing lithographic methods. Here, by manipulating applied electric and flow fields, authors demonstrate fast 3D nanoprinting of nanostructured arrays of multiple materials and geometries over millimetre-scale areas.

    • Bingyan Liu
    • , Shirong Liu
    •  & Jicheng Feng

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Real-time monitoring of coatings erosive wear is critical to mitigate safety and financial concerns in many applications. Here, authors show a non-destructive inspection system with AI-enabled microwave resonators and a smart monitoring circuitry to identify and estimate wear depth and rate of eroded layers.

    • Vishal Balasubramanian
    • , Omid Niksan
    •  & Mohammad H. Zarifi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Solvent leakage and simplistic device designs limit the fabrication of stable and multimodal ionotronic sensors. Li et al. fabricate various sensor architectures including those without signal crosstalk using a printable, leakage-resistant polyelectrolyte elastomer and a multi-material 3D printing technique.

    • Caicong Li
    • , Jianxiang Cheng
    •  & Canhui Yang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Shape morphing surfaces demonstrate a wide variety of applications, yet the existing technologies lack high-fidelity, high-speed deformation and embedded state sensing. Johnson et al. integrate soft actuators and soft sensors for high-fidelity shape morphing with self-sensing and high-speed actuation.

    • B. K. Johnson
    • , M. Naris
    •  & M. E. Rentschler

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Avalanche and surge robustness are fundamental for power devices to survive overvoltage and overcurrent stresses in typical applications. Here, authors report NiO/Ga2O3 heterojunctions with smaller reverse recovery, higher switching speed, and a robustness competitive to that of conventional homojunctions.

    • Feng Zhou
    • , Hehe Gong
    •  & Jiandong Ye

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Synchronization of e-wearables can be challenging due to device performance variations. Here, the authors develop a general neural network-based solution that analyses and correct disparities between multiple virtual clocks and demonstrate it for a Bluetooth synchronized motion capture system at high frequency.

    • Karthikeyan Kalyanasundaram Balasubramanian
    • , Andrea Merello
    •  & Marco Crepaldi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The increase of intermittent energy sources and renewable energy penetration generally results in reduced overall inertia, making power systems susceptible to disturbances. Here, authors develop an AI-based method to estimate inertia in real-time and test its performance on a heterogeneous power network.

    • Daniele Linaro
    • , Federico Bizzarri
    •  & Angelo M. Brambilla

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Implanted bioelectronic devices have proven useful for health sensing and therapy, while the interconnection of distributed implants remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate direct implant-to-implant wireless networking at the scale of the human body using metamaterial textiles.

    • Xi Tian
    • , Qihang Zeng
    •  & John S. Ho

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In biology, individuals are known to achieve higher navigation accuracy when moving in a group compared to single animals. The authors show that simple self-propelled robotic modules that are incapable of accurate motion as individuals can achieve accurate group navigation once coupled via deformable elastic links.

    • Federico Pratissoli
    • , Andreagiovanni Reina
    •  & Roderich Groß

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Here, the authors report the design and realization of an in-sensor computing optoelectronic device with programmable spectral responsivity based on an ensemble of cavity-enhanced MoS2 photodetectors. The device can perform direct analog processing during the light detection process, without the need to computationally reconstruct the entire optical spectra.

    • Dohyun Kwak
    • , Dmitry K. Polyushkin
    •  & Thomas Mueller

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Miniature asymmetric supercapacitors have higher voltage and energy density but are often limited by a complex manufacturing process and difficulties in further miniaturization. Here, the authors demonstrate a maskless method for the patterned fabrication of submicron-scale symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors.

    • Yongjiu Yuan
    • , Xin Li
    •  & Liangti Qu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Spin-orbit torques, arising in systems with strong spin-orbit interactions, have been a major avenue of research for the potential electric control of magnetization. Recently, unconventional spin-orbit torques, with spin polarizations aligned in atypical ways have garnered interest due to the numerous advantages offered compared to their conventional counterparts. Here, Xue et al investigate ‘type-x’ spin-orbit torque switching, demonstrating both unique spin polarizations, and field-free magnetization switching in Platinum/Cobalt multilayers.

    • Fen Xue
    • , Shy-Jay Lin
    •  & Shan X. Wang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Most non-line-of-sight imaging requires scanned illumination, limiting applicability for dynamic scenes. Here the authors exploit occlusion and a sensor array to estimate locations and sizes of moving foreground objects and a static background map.

    • Sheila Seidel
    • , Hoover Rueda-Chacón
    •  & Vivek K Goyal

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The application of multivariate gas sensors is limited due to their size and cost. Here the authors developed a compact gas sensor with multiple chemiresistive and potentiometric readouts enabling 3D discriminative response of gases at (sub)ppm levels and used the sensor for early fire detection.

    • Hong Zhang
    • , Zuobin Zhang
    •  & Jianxin Yi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Achieving shape assembly behaviour in robot swarms with adaptability and efficiency is challenging. Here, Sun et. al. propose a strategy based on an adapted mean-shift algorithm, thus realizing complex shape assembly tasks such as shape regeneration, cargo transportation, and environment exploration.

    • Guibin Sun
    • , Rui Zhou
    •  & Shiyu Zhao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Thermoelectric effects can be used to convert waste heat into electricity. One particularly promising thermoelectric mechanism is the spin Seebeck effect as the transverse geometry is ideal for device integration, even if currently it lacks sufficient thermoelectric conversion efficiency. Here, Kim et al, tackle this limitation, showing that oxidizing the ferromagnet layer used in the spin Seebeck effect can significantly enhance the thermoelectric efficiency.

    • Jeong-Mok Kim
    • , Seok-Jong Kim
    •  & Byong-Guk Park

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Li-ion batteries are used to store energy harvested from photovoltaics. However, battery use is sporadic and standard diagnostic methods cannot be applied. Here, the authors propose a methodology for diagnosing photovoltaics-connected Li-ion batteries that use trained machine learning algorithms.

    • Matthieu Dubarry
    • , Nahuel Costa
    •  & Dax Matthews

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Designing efficient neuromorphic systems remains a challenge. Here, the authors develop a system based on multi-terminal floating-gate memristor that mimics the temporal and spatial summation of multi-neuron connections based on leaky-integrate-and-fire functionality which is capable of high learning accuracy on unlabeled MNIST handwritten dataset.

    • Ui Yeon Won
    • , Quoc An Vu
    •  & Woo Jong Yu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The parasitic capacitance of conductive yarns greatly affects the performance of e-Textile devices. Here, Qu et al. show the parasitic capacitance varies from 1-3 fF/cm depending on yarn microstructure, offering valuable insights for the design and use of conductive yarns in e-textile.

    • Ziqi Qu
    • , Zhechen Zhu
    •  & Terry Tao Ye

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Designing a full-memristive circuit for different algorithm remains a challenge. Here, the authors propose a recirculated logic operation scheme using memristive hardware and 2D transistors for cellular automata, supporting multiple algorithms with a 79-fold cost reduction compared to FPGA.

    • Yanming Liu
    • , He Tian
    •  & Tian-Ling Ren

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Virtual reality technologies need olfactory systems to improve human perception, but their bulky formats limit their practicality. Here, Liu et. al. report flexible and miniaturized odor generators with tunable odor concentration in close user proximity for immersive virtual reality applications.

    • Yiming Liu
    • , Chun Ki Yiu
    •  & Xinge Yu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Multimodal cognitive computing task is an important research content in the field of AI. Here, the authors propose an efficient sensory memory processing system, which can process sensory information and generate synapse-like and multiwavelength light-emitting output for efficient multimodal information recognition.

    • Liuting Shan
    • , Qizhen Chen
    •  & Huipeng Chen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    This work presents ultracompact and low-power laser beam scanners using microcantilevers embedded with nanophotonic circuits. These chip-scale devices are made in a semiconductor foundry and project visible light patterns in one or two dimensions.

    • Saeed Sharif Azadeh
    • , Jason C. C. Mak
    •  & Joyce K. S. Poon

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Increasing functional density is desirable for future scaling of electronics. Here, the authors use a nanowire ferroelectric tunnel field-effect transistor to achieve reconfigurable signal modulations for low-power and high-density analogue circuits.

    • Zhongyunshen Zhu
    • , Anton E. O. Persson
    •  & Lars-Erik Wernersson

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Offshore wind power may play a key role in decarbonising energy supplies. Here the authors evaluates current grid integration capabilities for wind power in China and find that investment levels should be doubled for 2030, and that long-term storage and transmissions are key to accelerated developments of offshore wind in 2050.

    • Xinyang Guo
    • , Xinyu Chen
    •  & Michael McElroy

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