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In this Review, the authors consider the functions of key clock transcription factors and the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that direct circadian gene expression in mammalian cells.
Clock proteins are controlled by multiple post-translational modifications during the circadian cycle. In this Review, the authors examine how post-translational modifications influence the stability, interactions and activity of mammalian clock proteins and how they contribute to proper clock function or are altered in circadian disorders.
This review explores the molecular basis of metabolic and gene-expression oscillations in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and describes how they relate to other biological time-keeping mechanisms, such as circadian rhythms.
This Review examines the molecular mechanisms underlying the plant circadian clock, highlighting the functions of transcriptional circuits and post-translational regulation in timing and describing how clock components integrate and respond to environmental signals.
In this Review, the authors discuss recent advances in understanding how post-translational modifications of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain (CTD) regulate transcription and RNA processing events and control gene expression.
Numerous recent crystal and cryo-EM structures have greatly advanced understanding of the functional mechanisms of neurotransmitter-gated ion channels. This Review discusses the structural basis of activation and desensitization mechanisms in glutamate and cysteine-loop receptors.
ABC transporters use ATP hydrolysis to translocate substrates across cell membranes. Kaspar Locher reviews the mechanistic diversity of ABC transporters, as has emerged from recent structural studies, and discusses future directions for investigation of ABC-transporter-catalyzed reactions.
The synaptonemal complex (SC) connects homologous chromosomes in meiotic prophase, thus promoting genetic exchange and ensuring accurate chromosomal segregation at anaphase. In this Review, the authors discuss the structural organization of the SC and how its assembly, maintenance and disassembly are regulated in yeast and metazoans.
In this Review, the authors discuss emerging mechanisms of how the replication machinery of mammalian cells overcomes replication-fork obstacles, thus ensuring faithful genome duplication.
A comprehensive review of the discovery and molecular dissection of the eukaryotic ribosome-associated quality-control pathway for degradation of nascent proteins arising from interrupted translation.
