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The pol II CTD: new twists in the tail

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology volume 23, pages 771–777 (2016)Cite this article

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Abstract

The C-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase (pol) II comprises conserved heptad repeats, and post-translational modification of the CTD regulates transcription and cotranscriptional RNA processing. Recently, the spatial patterns of modification of the CTD repeats have been investigated, and new functions of CTD modification have been revealed. In addition, there are new insights into the roles of the enzymes that decorate the CTD. We review these new findings and reassess the role of the pol II CTD in the regulation of gene expression.

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Figure 1: Modifications of consensus and nonconsensus CTD repeats and their functions.
Figure 2: Patterns of CTD modification across protein-coding genes.
Figure 3
Figure 4: CDK9 is a master regulator driving transcription forward.

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Acknowledgements

We thank L. Vasiljeva, N. Proudfoot, M. Tellier and I. Ferrer-Vicens for discussions and critical comments. The authors also thank F. Vazquez-Arango and M. Tellier for assistance with generating figures. This work was supported by grants from the Wellcome Trust (WT106134A) to S.M. and by Fondation ARC to S.E.

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  1. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Justyna Zaborowska & Shona Murphy

  2. Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France

    Sylvain Egloff

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Correspondence to Shona Murphy.

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Zaborowska, J., Egloff, S. & Murphy, S. The pol II CTD: new twists in the tail. Nat Struct Mol Biol 23, 771–777 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.3285

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