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Structural and functional analyses reveal how 9-O-acetyl sialic acid is recognized by the human coronavirus OC43 S glycoprotein and how this interaction promotes viral entry.
Cryo-EM structure of the LAT1–CD98hc heterodimer in complex with two antibodies offers insights into the assembly and function of LAT1–CD98hc, and reveals the epitopes targeted by the potentially therapeutic antibodies with an antitumor activity.
Analysis of rRNA processing intermediates at nucleotide resolution identifies a novel cytoplasmic rRNA intermediate and Dis3l2-mediated decay as one surveillance pathway for rRNAs.
Crystal structures of a Zea mays CMP-sialic acid transporter (CST) apo and in complex with CMP and functional assays of corn and human CSTs suggest how CMP-sialic acid is translocated across Golgi membranes.
Alanine and threonine residues added to the C terminus of stalled nascent chains (CAT tails) increase degradation of such polypeptides by promoting their ubiquitylation by Ltn1 or by acting as degrons off the ribosome.
A single-molecule FISH-based method to quantify splicing efficiency at active transcription sites in single cells reveals an unexpected ‘economy of scale’ behavior in which splicing efficiency increases with transcription rate.
A modified version of DamID allows measurement of chromosomal interactions without crosslinking and ligation, and provides validation for the existence of TADs in mESCs.
Cyanobacteria express IsiA, a photosystem I antenna, in response to stress. The structure of the photosystem I–IsiA complex reveals flexibility of the interactions within the complex and suggests the mechanism of energy transfer.
A structural model of the human RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex based on high-resolution cryo-EM data provides mechanistic insights into the consequences of human disease mutations.
Crystal structures of Pan2 in complex with RNA show that Pan2 does not form canonical base-specific contacts but recognizes the stacked, helical conformation of poly(A) RNA.
Chris Garcia, David Baker and colleagues use a computational approach to develop designed repeat protein binders (DRPBs), which function as human Frizzled (Fz) subtype-selective antagonists and enable identification of Fz subtypes active in different organs.
KMT9, a new histone lysine methyltransferase targeting H4K12, is enriched at promoters of genes encoding molecules involved in the cell cycle and controls the growth of androgen receptor–dependent and castration- and enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells and xenograft tumors.
Takagi and colleagues report the crystal structure of human Wnt3 in complex with the mouse Frizzled 8 Cys-rich domain, a structural model of the Wnt–Frizzled–LRP6 ternary complex and engineered tagged versions of Wnt3a that retain biological function.
During ribosome-associated quality control (RQC), ANKZF1 severs polypeptidyl-tRNAs on RQC complexes by cleaving the terminal 3′CCA nucleotides, which leads to tRNA fragments that are ‘quality checked’ and recycled in the cytosol.
Single-cell analysis of the 3D genome organization of rod photoreceptor cells and olfactory sensory neurons provides insights into the unusual chromatin organization of these cell types.
Doudna and colleagues determine the mechanisms used by type V anti-CRISPR proteins. AcrVA1 is a multiple-turnover inhibitor that triggers cleavage of the Cas12a-bound guide RNA, while AcrVA4 and AcrVA5 inhibit recognition of dsDNA.
Zhiwei Huang and colleagues report structural and biochemical data showing that the anti-CRISPR protein AcrVA5 functions as an acetyltransferase, modifying MbCas12a at Lys635, a residue required for PAM recognition. Acetylation of Lys635 creates a steric clash that prevents binding of target DNA.