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New research has identified apolipoprotein E expressed by fibroblasts and macrophages in the infrapatellar fat pad and synovium as a pathogenetic mediator and potential therapeutic target in knee osteoarthritis.
Ribonucleoprotein complexes containing Xist, a long non-coding RNA involved in X chromosome inactivation, are immunogenic and promote autoimmune responses.
Results of a new study indicate that eosinophils have a role in maintaining bone homeostasis through their inhibitory effects on bone-resorbing osteoclasts.
Age-related B cells (ABCs) have pathogenic roles in autoimmune diseases. Research has now identified ZEB2 as the transcription factor that mediates differentiation into ABCs.
A meta-analysis of data from six genome-wide association study cohorts implicates several signalling pathways, including Hedgehog and Notch signalling, in Dupuytren disease.
The voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 is expressed on chondrocytes, regulates chondrocyte biology and osteoarthritis progression, and is a promising dual target for modifying disease while providing pain relief in osteoarthritis.
New findings provide insight into the natural history of subclinical synovitis, a reported predictor of the development of rheumatoid arthritis, and identify various factors associated with its reversal.
As in rheumatoid arthritis, achieving low disease activity or remission in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) remains a challenge and unmet need for many individuals. However, the complex pathogenesis, heterogeneity and varied tissue involvement in PsA mean that dedicated definitions and novel solutions are required for difficult-to-treat disease.
New research has shown that tryptophan metabolism is altered in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and that correction of this metabolic alteration has a protective effect against collagen-antibody-induced arthritis in mice.
Janus kinase inhibitors have therapeutic potential for patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and evidence of greater risks of cardiovascular disease and malignancy than with TNF inhibitors should be carefully considered before recommendations against their use are made. Assessment of the risk–benefit ratios in these patients can instead guide clinical decision-making.
In patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis in sustained remission, reinfusion with rituximab after B cell repopulation resulted in fewer clinical relapses than did reinfusion following serological ANCA flare.
A novel combination of ceria nanoparticles and mesenchymal stem cell nanovesicles modified both inflammation and autoimmunity in a mouse model of arthritis.
Globally, rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases constitute the most common causes of disability, related morbidity and economic loss worldwide. A shortage of rheumatologists warrants education of primary care doctors in primary care rheumatology, public awareness initiatives and advocacy for rheumatic musculoskeletal health.
Using multi-omics analyses, researchers have identified two distinct immunological phenotypes of microscopic polyangiitis, which could inform prognosis and personalized treatment.
New findings support the use of targeted next-generation sequencing of NOD2 to reassess the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of Blau syndrome.
Researchers have conducted a comprehensive single-cell analysis of synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis, providing insights into the heterogeneity of the disease and informing future treatment strategies.
New research shows that the amino acid l-arginine ameliorates arthritis and inhibits inflammatory bone loss by altering energy metabolism in osteoclasts.