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New insights into the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis have suggested that humoral autoimmunity might have a substantive, possibly even causal role in the pathogenesis of disease. In this Viewpoint, Dr Holers will discuss the basis of this hypothesis, focusing on the role of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies.
A variety of retinal signs can occur in patients who have systemic vasculitides. Although retinal signs are usually treated by treatment of the systemic disease, specific therapy is indicated occasionally to preserve vision. This Review describes the pathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of retinal manifestations of systemic vasculitides.
In this Review, Lars Klareskog and colleagues discuss the experimental approaches that are used to address the issue of gene–environment interactions in the etiology of RA, focusing on the roles of the HLA-DR shared-epitope genes, smoking and anticitrulline immunity in this process.
There is increasing interest in the role of transcription factors in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis. Biologic and genetic studies are adding to current knowledge, and revealing potential targets for anti-inflammatory therapies that aim to modulate transcription factor activity.
Initially used in the treatment of mood disorders, this form of psychotherapy has been extended to other conditions such as chronic pain states. This Review evaluates the role of cognitive behavioral therapy, alone or in combination with other modalities, in the management of patients with fibromyalgia.