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Improvements in treatments for systemic lupus erythematosus have led to longer survival times, but complications including osteoporosis and osteonecrosis often occur. This Therapy Insight provides an overview of the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and osteonecrosis in these patients, and recommends preventive measures and treatments.
In this Review, the authors discuss how early diagnosis of spondyloarthritis can be achieved for patients with predominantly axial or predominantly peripheral symptoms. The importance of identifying differences between diagnosis and classification, and how this disparity might influence clinical practice, are highlighted.