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The numeric clinical staging scheme in the 2018 NIA–AA research framework reflects the concept that symptoms of Alzheimer disease sit on a continuum rather than falling into distinct clinical categories. A recent study operationalized these clinical stages to evaluate their utility but found limitations in their application.
Despite the declining incidence of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, prion diseases remain a threat to public health. In this Review, Suvankar Pal and colleagues provide an up-to-date overview of the transmission of prion diseases in human populations and argue that CJD surveillance is still vital.
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is presumed to be associated with a clinical condition termed traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES). A new set of research diagnostic criteria for TES might be an improvement over previous guidelines, but many questions surrounding the putative link between head impacts, CTE neuropathology and neurobehavioural symptoms remain unanswered.
The failure to identify disease-modifying therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) could relate to the prevailing motor neuron-centric view of this neurodegenerative disorder. This Review considers the evidence for involvement of non-neuronal cells — in particular, microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes — in ALS pathogenesis.
In this Review, Berg et al. summarize current understanding of prodromal Parkinson disease and consider the prodrome in the context of the clinical and pathological heterogeneity of the disease. They explore the possibility that prodromal Parkinson disease can be classified into subtypes.