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The modern human variant of the gene transketolase-like 1, but not the Neanderthal variant, promotes the production of basal radial glia during neocortical development.
Neuromodulation with specific frequencies at specific brain locations selectively enhances either working memory or long-term memory in older adult humans.
One major form of timing is the estimation of duration. In this Review, Tsao et al. describe the neural bases for estimating ongoing durations and those for estimating durations between past events within memory.
Calcium–calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has a central role in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. In this Review, Yasuda, Hayashi and Hell provide an overview of the postsynaptic regulation and function of CaMKII.
Modern approaches for multiregion investigation provide new opportunities and considerations for exploring brainwide neural dynamics. In this Review, Machado, Kauvar and Deisseroth discuss advances in the simultaneous measurement and analysis of neuronal activity across many brain regions.
