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Immunoglobulin-like receptor PIRB and its human homologue LILRB2 are high-affinity receptors for amyloid-β oligomers, and PIRB–amyloid-β interactions regulate synaptic plasticity.
The idea that learned associations are encoded within neuronal ensembles has so far mainly been based on correlational data. This Progress article describes recently developed approaches that can selectively target and study activated neuronal ensembles in models of addiction and relapse and in conditioned fear.
Brain imaging techniques have recently been able to reveal awareness and even allow rudimentary communication in some patients who have been diagnosed as being in the vegetative state. In this Perspective, Fernández-Espejo and Owen discuss these developments and consider their diagnostic, judicial and ethical implications.
The coordinated action of oxytocin and serotonin systems in the nucleus accumbens encodes social reward, shedding new light on the mechanisms underlying social dysfunction.
Inhibiting the expression of a histone-binding protein that declines with age in the human dentate gyrus in young mice leads to memory deficits that are similar to those of aged wild-type mice.
In order to make sense of the multitude of acoustic stimuli that surround us in our daily lives, the auditory system needs to be able to assign different sounds to specific sources within the 'auditory scene'. Bizley and Cohen describe how auditory information processing in the cortex categorizes and groups different sounds into 'auditory objects'.
Thefruitless (fru) gene is a crucial regulator of male courtship behaviour. In this Review, Yamamoto and Koganezawa discuss and integrate findings from molecular, cellular and behavioural studies of fruto provide an understanding of how a single gene can organize such an elaborate behaviour.
In this Review, Pouladi and colleagues critically examine the strengths and limitations of the currently available animal models of Huntington's disease. By doing so, they aim to facilitate animal model selection in future studies of this progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
A new study shows that increased β-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II expression in the lateral habenula is both sufficient and necessary for the expression of depression-like behaviour in rodents.
