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Contrast agents based on nanomaterials are highly desired for advanced forms of bioimaging techniques owing to their high payloads, unique physicochemical properties and improved sensitivity. In this Primer, Hsu et al. outline important nanomaterial design considerations and discuss the effect on their physicochemical attributes, contrast properties and biological behaviour.
Integrated catalysis can streamline multi-step syntheses in a single reaction vessel to achieve a high degree of control and reduce the waste and cost of chemical processes. In this Primer, Deng et al. discuss the underlying mechanisms of common approaches to integrated catalysis, highlighting recent advances in the field.
Peptidomics employs techniques of genomics, modern proteomics, state-of-the-art analytical chemistry and computational biology. In this Primer, Hellinger et al. describe the techniques and workflows required for peptide discovery and characterization and give an overview of biological and clinical applications of peptidomics.
Analytes can be ionized and brought into the gas phase using electrospray ionization (ESI). Coupling ESI with mass spectrometry enables a wide range of molecules to be studied, including proteins and polymers. This Primer introduces the ESI method, describing the underlying mechanism, common variants and instrument setups.
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can cause several life-limiting diseases, raising interest in mitochondrial gene editing via nucleases and base editors. In this Primer, Shoop et al. discuss mitochondrial gene editing tools, analyses and limitations in the field.
Isothermal titration calorimetry uses the heat of a reaction to study molecular interactions in solution. This Primer introduces the method, from fundamental principles and experimental set-up, to applications involving complex biological interactions.
This PrimeView highlights the use of extended reality techniques across a range of biomedical research applications, including data visualization and training.
Extended reality allows users to be immersed in a virtual environment, with implications for biomedical research and applications. Yuan, Hassan et al. discuss the adoption of extended reality in biomedical research, with a focus on technical advances that overcome current limitations.
Plasmon-mediated chemical reactions use nanostructure-based surface plasmons as mediators to drive chemical reactions. Zhan et al. outline the primary considerations and techniques for designing and constructing plasmonic catalysts and describe the typical methods used to characterize plasmonic catalysts and their reaction mechanisms.
Behavioural genetics examines the underlying factors associated with individual differences in behaviours and capacities. In this Primer, Willoughby et al. discuss the methods used in behavioural genetics analysis, in particular twin studies, genome-wide association studies and statistical modelling.
This PrimeView highlights the techniques used for single-cell pathogen diagnostics to accelerate treatment and contribute to responsible antimicrobial use.
Single-cell pathogen diagnostic tools are increasingly being used to identify and monitor bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance. In this Primer, Li et al. discuss the assessment, design and implementation of single-cell pathogen diagnostics.
