Volume 17 Issue 12, December 2019

Editorial

Hype or hope?

Microbiome research has attracted considerable attention, partially because of the potential to manipulate the microbiome for human health. To fulfil this promise, tractable methods and cautious interpretation of results are needed.

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
Editorial 12 Nov 2019
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Comment

The future of faecal transplants

Faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is now accepted as an effective treatment for Clostridioides difficile infections. With the increasing number of FMT treatments and clinical trials for other indications there is an urgent need for standardized regulations to ensure patient safety and focused development of safer, rationally designed, microbiota-based medicines.

Edward M. Giles
Gemma L. D’Adamo
Samuel C. Forster

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
Comment 18 Sept 2019

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Research Highlights

Your microbiome is what you eat

Three recent studies highlight how the gut microbiome responds to dietary change, with potential consequences for host–microbiota interactions.

Ashley York

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
Research Highlight 17 Oct 2019
Sublethal antibiotics and a sticky situation

This study shows that sublethal doses of ciprofloxacin enhanced aggregation of bacterial cells, which resulted in their increased expulsion from the gut by the mechanical activity of the intestine.

Andrea Du Toit

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
In Brief 18 Oct 2019
Human trial of vaginal microbiome transplantation

This study reports the feasibility of vaginal microbiome transplantation from healthy donors as treatment for patients suffering from symptomatic, intractable and recurrent bacterial vaginosis.

Andrea Du Toit

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
In Brief 18 Oct 2019
Designing phagebodies

A study reports the generation of synthetic ‘phagebodies’ with a broadened host range that were able to target naturally occurring phage-resistant bacterial mutants.

Andrea Du Toit

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
In Brief 18 Oct 2019
An apple a day helps Bacteroides to stay

This study explores the response of the gut microbiota to dietary fibres and presents new biosensors that can measure microbial fibre use in vivo.

Ursula Hofer

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
Research Highlight 01 Oct 2019
Microbial conductors

This study links a histone deacetylase and the gut microbiota to the circadian regulation of host metabolism.

Andrea Du Toit

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
Research Highlight 07 Oct 2019
Providing resistance to rotavirus

This study finds that gut segmented filamentous bacteria prevent and cure rotavirus infection in immunodeficient mice.

Ashley York

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
In Brief 21 Oct 2019
A probiotic for candidiasis?

A recent study finds that probiotic yeasts can inhibit virulence of several non-albicans Candida species, including mutidrug-resistant Candida auris.

Ashley York

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
In Brief 21 Oct 2019
Distinct drivers of functional diversity

This study observed that the functional diversity of core and accessory genes in the soil microbiome are governed by distinct processes.

Ashley York

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
In Brief 21 Oct 2019

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News & Analysis

The expanding horizons of host–microorganism imaging are clear to see

This month’s Under the Lens explores how recent developments in sample preparation are aiding and advancing the imaging of host–microorganism interactions.

Patrick G. Inns
Gideon Mamou

Focus:

Microbiome tractability and translation
Under the Lens 24 Oct 2019

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Reviews

Common principles and best practices for engineering microbiomes

Microbiome engineering has many potential applications, ranging from agriculture to medicine. In this Review, Lawson, McMahon and colleagues guide us through the design–build–test–learn cycle that has been successful in many disciplines and explain how it applies to microbiome engineering.

Christopher E. Lawson
William R. Harcombe
Katherine D. McMahon

Collections:

Microbiome tractability and translation

The plant microbiome

Microbiome
Review Article 23 Sept 2019
Diet–microbiota interactions and personalized nutrition

In this Review, Kolodziejczyk, Zheng and Elinav describe the latest advances in understanding diet–microbiota interactions, the individuality of gut microbiota composition and how this knowledge could be harnessed for personalized nutrition strategies to improve human health.

Aleksandra A. Kolodziejczyk
Danping Zheng
Eran Elinav

Collections:

Microbiome tractability and translation

Diet, microbiome and immune homeostasis

Microbiome
Review Article 20 Sept 2019
Synthetic ecology of the human gut microbiota

Going from description of the diversity and disease associations of the human gut microbiota towards functional understanding and applications is challenging. In this Review, Raes and colleagues present synthetic ecology approaches that reduce the complexity and advance translation of human gut microbiota research.

Gino Vrancken
Ann C. Gregory
Jeroen Raes

Collections:

Microbiome tractability and translation

Microbiome
Review Article 02 Oct 2019
Simple animal models for microbiome research

Simple animal models are emerging as valuable tools for microbiome research. In this Review, Douglas discusses the opportunity for microbiome research on the traditional biomedical models Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans and zebrafish. Other systems, for example, hydra, squid and the honeybee, are valuable alternative models to address specific questions.

Angela E. Douglas

Collections:

Microbiome tractability and translation

Microbiome
Review Article 15 Aug 2019

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Volume 17 Issue 12, December 2019

Editorial

Hype or hope?

Comment

The future of faecal transplants

Research Highlights

Your microbiome is what you eat

Sublethal antibiotics and a sticky situation

Human trial of vaginal microbiome transplantation

Designing phagebodies

An apple a day helps Bacteroides to stay

Microbial conductors

Providing resistance to rotavirus

A probiotic for candidiasis?

Distinct drivers of functional diversity

News & Analysis

The expanding horizons of host–microorganism imaging are clear to see

Reviews

Common principles and best practices for engineering microbiomes

Diet–microbiota interactions and personalized nutrition

Synthetic ecology of the human gut microbiota

Simple animal models for microbiome research

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