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High-throughput technologies are starting to be applied to assess the complex molecular changes that occur with increasing age in humans. This Progress article introduces the emerging findings for transcriptomics, epigenomics, metabolomics and other 'omics' approaches.
Several promising genetic approaches are being investigated for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, including traditional gene therapy, stop codon read-through, exon skipping and increased expression of a compensatory gene. The lessons learned should also be valuable for other disorders.
The authors review new tools for studying the evolution of antibiotic resistance, including approaches to evolve resistance in the laboratory and analysis of clinical samples. Insights into pathways of evolution and the basis of resistance could inform future management of infections.
The authors discuss recent advances — mainly gained through genomic methods such as RNA sequencing — in our understanding of the causes and consequences of differences in gene expression between females and males. Areas of progress include our understanding of the roles of sexual antagonism and dosage compensation.
