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Evidence indicates that flutamide, a specific and potent androgen-receptor blocker, when given in low dose (∼1 mg/kg daily), confers a first-choice balance between antiandrogenic efficacy and hepatic safety for women and adolescent girls with hirsutism or other androgen-related symptoms.
A review of amputation rates in England documents that in patients without diabetes mellitus amputation rates seem to be falling, but not in patients with diabetes mellitus. The burden of foot disease in patients with diabetes mellitus is rising but evidence suggests this increase might be masking improvements in the quality of its management.
Appropriate diagnosis and clinical management of patients with acute suppurative thyroiditis, an endocrine emergency, presents a major challenge, with no consensus guidelines currently available. Could the novel algorithm proposed by John Paes and colleagues provide a solution?
To successfully tailor glycemic therapies to each patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the heterogeneity of the clinical features, pathogenesis and causative genetic factors of this disorder must be considered. A new study has summarized the potential of individualized treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus on the basis of phenotypes and genotypes.
A recent article by Bushnell et al. confirms and reassures what neuroendocrine tumor specialists have witnessed and believed for some time: radionuclide therapy using somatostatin analogs labeled with radioactive yttrium-90 alleviates symptoms of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors, reduces or stabilizes tumor burden and improves quality of life.
Graves disease, toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter differ in their clinical presentation and cardiovascular implications. In this Review, establishing the etiology of hyperthyroidism is highlighted as a prerequisite for correct treatment of both the disease and the associated cardiovascular complications.
The gastrointestinal tract is an important source of endocrine signals. Gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide 1, peptide YY, and islet amyloid polypeptide act in an integrated fashion to modulate appetite and energy expenditure. This Review addresses the physiological roles of gut hormones and discusses their potential as targets for the development of novel treatments for obesity, on the basis of pharmacological mimicry of the hormonal milieu after bariatric surgery.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) activation attenuates or inhibits several mediators of vascular damage, which indicates that PPARα could potentially be targeted by therapies to prevent microvascular disease in patients with diabetes. This Review focuses on the role of PPARα activation in diabetic microvascular disease and highlights the available experimental and clinical evidence from studies of PPARα agonists.
Lymphocytic hypophysitis—an inflammatory condition of presumed autoimmune etiology—is characterized by an enlargement of the pituitary gland, resulting in its dysfunction. Although found generally in peripartum women, this Case Study of a 29-year-old man, who was referred to a neurosurgical clinic for evaluation of a suprasellar mass and diabetes insipidus, illustrates the need to consider this disorder in men.
