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This Perspective presents the outcomes of an interdisciplinary international workshop that addressed the implications of the WHO classification change of pituitary adenoma to neuroendocrine tumours. The authors propose that a comprehensive classification system be developed integrating clinical, genetic, biochemical, radiological, pathological and molecular information for all anterior pituitary neoplasms.
An urgent need exists for technologies and devices capable of frequent and real-time insulin measurements in patients with diabetes mellitus to guide optimal insulin dosing. This Perspective discusses the advances and challenges in moving insulin assays from laboratory-based assays to frequent and continuous measurements in decentralized settings.
More genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus are being identified. This Perspective article outlines various tools and platforms that can be applied to prioritize candidate genes associated with an increased risk of disease for functional validation.
In type 1 diabetes, the immune system destroys pancreatic β-cells but not neighbouring α-cells. Here, the authors describe the key differences between β-cells and α-cells that could account for their differential autoimmune vulnerability, and how these differences could result in the preferential endurance and survival of α-cells over β-cells.
This Perspective discusses potential approaches to managing patients in the early stages of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus, which could enable the initiation of insulin therapy to be delayed in some patients.
