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Uncertainties remain about the diagnostic and therapeutic strategy to prevent left ventricular thrombus formation after myocardial infarction. In particular, the roles of predisposing factors and prophylactic anticoagulation have not been sufficiently considered. We propose an ‘uncertainties flowchart’ with the aim of stimulating research on the topic.
Improper management of carotid artery disease for stroke prevention is prevalent. Accumulating misconceptions (‘furphies’) drive the overuse of carotid artery procedures and the inappropriate use of medicines. Recognition of these furphies is essential to improve disease management and optimize patient outcomes.
Biological sex is increasingly being recognized as an important variable in cardiovascular health and disease and, consequently, in cardiovascular research. Three new studies highlight the influence of sex hormones in pulmonary arterial hypertension, arterial senescence and abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Sotatercept, a ligand trap for multiple members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, reduces pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) receiving background therapy for PAH, according to findings from the multicentre, phase II PULSAR trial.
An exosome-eluting stent improves vascular healing and reduces the rate of in-stent restenosis compared with either bare-metal stents or drug-eluting stents, according to a new study published in Nature Biomedical Engineering.
A new systems approach to profile vein graft lesion development shows peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α regulates macrophage metabolism, inflammatory activation and vein graft lesion development.
A cardiac organoid approach combined with phosphoproteomics and single nuclei RNA-sequencing identifies bromodomain and extraterminal family inhibitors as promising candidates to prevent COVID-19 mediated cardiac damage.
For therapeutic materials to be delivered to the heart, several barriers need to be overcome. In this Review, Ishikawa and colleagues discuss strategies for targeted delivery of therapeutic materials to the heart, including the use of adeno-associated viruses and exosomes, with a focus on agents directed at modifying gene expression.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) affects half of all patients with heart failure worldwide. In this Review, Mishra and Kass and provide a roadmap of the signalling pathways and mechanisms of HFpEF that are being characterized and which might lead to more patient-specific therapies and improved clinical outcomes.
In this Review, Hollenberg and Singer explore the definition, epidemiology, diagnosis and pathophysiology of septic cardiomyopathy, with an emphasis on how best to interpret this condition in the clinical context in order to optimize interventions and improve outcomes.
In this Review, Holmes and colleagues compare and contrast the use of Mendelian randomization to evaluate potential drug targets versus quantitative traits and explain how genetic epidemiological studies can be used to assess the aetiological roles of biomarkers in disease and to prioritize drug targets, including designing their evaluation in clinical trials.
